United States Senate election in Vermont, 2024

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← 2022
U.S. Senate, Vermont
Democratic primary Republican primary General election
Election details
Filing deadline: May 30, 2024
Primary: August 13, 2024 General: November 5, 2024
How to vote
Poll times: Open between 5 a.m. to 10 a.m.; close at 7 p.m. Voting in Vermont
Race ratings
Cook Political Report: Solid Democratic DDHQ and The Hill: Safe Democratic Inside Elections: Solid Democratic Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe independent
Ballotpedia analysis
U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024
See also
U.S. Senate, Vermont U.S. Senate • At-large Vermont elections, 2024 U.S. Congress elections, 2024 U.S. Senate elections, 2024 U.S. House elections, 2024 Arizona U.S. Senate raceCalifornia U.S. Senate raceConnecticut U.S. Senate raceDelaware U.S. Senate raceFlorida U.S. Senate raceHawaii U.S. Senate raceIndiana U.S. Senate raceMaine U.S. Senate raceMaryland U.S. Senate raceMassachusetts U.S. Senate raceMichigan U.S. Senate raceMinnesota U.S. Senate raceMississippi U.S. Senate raceMissouri U.S. Senate raceMontana U.S. Senate raceNebraska U.S. Senate raceNevada U.S. Senate raceNew Jersey U.S. Senate raceNew Mexico U.S. Senate raceNew York U.S. Senate raceNorth Dakota U.S. Senate raceOhio U.S. Senate racePennsylvania U.S. Senate raceRhode Island U.S. Senate raceTennessee U.S. Senate raceTexas U.S. Senate raceUtah U.S. Senate raceVermont U.S. Senate raceVirginia U.S. Senate raceWashington U.S. Senate raceWest Virginia U.S. Senate raceWisconsin U.S. Senate raceWyoming U.S. Senate raceSubmit

Voters in Vermont will elect one member to the U.S. Senate in the general election on November 5, 2024. The primary was August 13, 2024. The filing deadline was May 30, 2024.

The election will fill the Class I Senate seat held by Bernie Sanders (independent), who first took office in 2007.

The outcome of this race will affect the partisan balance of the U.S. Senate in 2025.

Thirty-four of 100 seats are up for election, including one special election. Of the seats up for election in 2024, Democrats hold 19, Republicans hold 11, and independents hold four. As of September 2024, eight members of the U.S. Senate had announced they were not running for re-election, more than in any year since 2012.

For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:

• United States Senate election in Vermont, 2024 (August 13 Democratic primary)
• United States Senate election in Vermont, 2024 (August 13 Republican primary)

Candidates and election results

General election

General election for U.S. Senate Vermont

The following candidates are running in the general election for U.S. Senate Vermont on November 5, 2024.

		Candidate
		Bernie Sanders (Independent)
		Gerald Malloy (R)
		Mark Stewart Greenstein (Epic Party)
		Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party of Vermont)
		Matthew Hill (L)
		Steve Berry (Independent)

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Bernie Sanders (D)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Vermont

Incumbent Bernie Sanders advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Vermont on August 13, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Bernie Sanders	98.8	48,226
		Other/Write-in votes	1.2	584

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source	Total votes: 48,810
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. Senate Vermont

Gerald Malloy advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Vermont on August 13, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Gerald Malloy	96.3	20,368
		Other/Write-in votes	3.7	773

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source	Total votes: 21,141
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Candidate profiles

This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.

Gerald Malloy

Party: Republican Party

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Submitted Biography:  "I am seeking to serve Vermonters, Vermont, and the United States of America. I am deeply concerned with the direction our Country is going and I have the character, experience, leadership and performance to change the course for a better future. Background I am 61 and married to Stacey Malloy. We have 4 children, ages 23 to 14. We have 3 in college and one in high school. I was born in Boston and at 18 entered West Point. I served 22 years on active duty in the Army worldwide. I have served in government positions and for 16 years as a defense contractor supporting our military mostly in the Washington, DC area. I have been successful in highly competitive business environments, growing jobs for technology and services businesses. I have an MBA from Temple University, a graduate certificate from Georgetown University and completed the Army Command and General Staff College. I believe in America and our Constitutional Republic and Democracy. I have worked with 20+ allies in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and the Persian Gulf; extensively across US Federal/State/Local Government agencies; and for small and large businesses including Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, and Bowhead (an Alaska Native Corporation). I am an energetic worker. I am the oldest of 9 children, a decorated Veteran, and member of the VFW, American Legion, Elks, Moose, NRA, and Annunciation Church. I am a former Army Hockey and Baseball player. I love Vermont—its people."

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Key Messages

To read this candidate's full survey responses, click here.

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Economy I will grow well-paying jobs in Vermont. I am a businessman. I have 15 years of Business Development success—growing business and jobs. I work in highly competitive technology and services environments, including Washington DC, across industry, government, and academia. I will bring business and jobs to Vermont. Your members of Congress have not done this, I will. I see America’s entrepreneurial spirit waning. I will work to rejuvenate it in Congress and with our Governor and Legislation to promote business and innovation, not stifle it. I have visited hundreds of Vermont businesses, the common theme I heard is ‘reduce government regulation’—I will.

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I will act with discipline and fiscal responsibility. We have a $34 trillion debt. The Federal and State budgets have increased 50% since 2019. The budget deficit this year alone has more than doubled. We are on a 100% unsustainable path. I will support balanced budgets and fixing Social Security, Medicare and other entitlements, restoring their long-term solvency, not cutting them. I do not support Government Intervention/Industrial Policy related to drug and healthcare prices. I will support changes to US Government Patent Laws that could dramatically decrease drug prices. I will not support tax increases. I will not support overspending; the trillions of dollars our Congress is overspending is a major contributor to the inflation we

---

Over 39 years ago I took the exact same Oath as a US Senator. That Oath has no duration and I continue to serve under that Oath. I will protect individual rights. I believe ‘all men are created equal’, we are all God’s children. I will protect the rights of parents. I will support the intent of the Constitution: less Government, not more; Government for the people, not people for the Government (also known as Socialism). I will support Government that provides just enough order so every American can enjoy their unalienable rights. I will support the opportunity for individual prosperity and promote business by reducing over-regulation. I will support States rights under the 10th Amendment. I will not support federal legislation on powe

Justin Schoville

Do you have a photo that could go here? Click here to submit it for this profile!

Party: Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party of Vermont

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Submitted Biography:  "I am an attorney. I graduated Vermont Law School, and now I run my own law firm using principles from worker cooperatives. I am also the current state chair of the Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party."

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Key Messages

To read this candidate's full survey responses, click here.

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All Vermonters should have their basic needs met. We should provide all our citizens free healthcare, housing, education, childcare, internet, and eldercare.

---

The poor and working class need a political party of their own to fight for their interests. The Democrats and Republicans are incapable of this because they are bought and paid or by millionaires and billionaires and will always represent the interests of their donors.

---

I would use my position as a third-party Senator to work with both Democrats and Republicans. My main goal would be to steer as much federal tax dollars to our state as possible. We need federal support to provide everyone in our state basic services as human rights.

Voting information

See also: Voting in Vermont

Election information in Vermont: Nov. 5, 2024, election.

What is the voter registration deadline?

• In-person: Nov. 5, 2024
• By mail: Received by Nov. 5, 2024
• Online: Nov. 5, 2024

Is absentee/mail-in voting available to all voters?

Yes

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

• In-person: N/A
• By mail: N/A by N/A
• Online: N/A

What is the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

• In-person: Nov. 5, 2024
• By mail: Received by Nov. 4, 2024

Is early voting available to all voters?

Yes

What are the early voting start and end dates?

Sep. 21, 2024 to Nov. 4, 2024

Are all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, is a photo or non-photo ID required?

N/A

When are polls open on Election Day?

N/A

Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses

Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.

Survey responses from candidates in this race

Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.

Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.

Expand all | Collapse all

Please list below 3 key messages of your campaign. What are the main points you want voters to remember about your goals for your time in office?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Economy

I will grow well-paying jobs in Vermont. I am a businessman. I have 15 years of Business Development success—growing business and jobs. I work in highly competitive technology and services environments, including Washington DC, across industry, government, and academia. I will bring business and jobs to Vermont. Your members of Congress have not done this, I will.

I see America’s entrepreneurial spirit waning. I will work to rejuvenate it in Congress and with our Governor and Legislation to promote business and innovation, not stifle it. I have visited hundreds of Vermont businesses, the common theme I heard is ‘reduce government regulation’—I will.

I will act with discipline and fiscal responsibility.

We have a $34 trillion debt. The Federal and State budgets have increased 50% since 2019. The budget deficit this year alone has more than doubled. We are on a 100% unsustainable path.

I will support balanced budgets and fixing Social Security, Medicare and other entitlements, restoring their long-term solvency, not cutting them. I do not support Government Intervention/Industrial Policy related to drug and healthcare prices. I will support changes to US Government Patent Laws that could dramatically decrease drug prices.

I will not support tax increases. I will not support overspending; the trillions of dollars our Congress is overspending is a major contributor to the inflation we

Over 39 years ago I took the exact same Oath as a US Senator. That Oath has no duration and I continue to serve under that Oath.

I will protect individual rights. I believe ‘all men are created equal’, we are all God’s children.

I will protect the rights of parents.

I will support the intent of the Constitution: less Government, not more; Government for the people, not people for the Government (also known as Socialism). I will support Government that provides just enough order so every American can enjoy their unalienable rights.

I will support the opportunity for individual prosperity and promote business by reducing over-regulation.

I will support States rights under the 10th Amendment. I will not support federal legislation on powe

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

All Vermonters should have their basic needs met. We should provide all our citizens free healthcare, housing, education, childcare, internet, and eldercare.

The poor and working class need a political party of their own to fight for their interests. The Democrats and Republicans are incapable of this because they are bought and paid or by millionaires and billionaires and will always represent the interests of their donors.

I would use my position as a third-party Senator to work with both Democrats and Republicans. My main goal would be to steer as much federal tax dollars to our state as possible. We need federal support to provide everyone in our state basic services as human rights.

What areas of public policy are you personally passionate about?

Gerald Malloy (R)

I will support the US achieving food, energy, and critical technology independence—this will enable the United States to maintain a strong economy AND achieve abilities to transition to renewables AND lower gas/heating/cooling costs.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I am passionate about democracy in the workplace. Currently, workers work for tyrannical bosses who hide what employees make and prevent input of how their workplaces are run. All workplaces should be directly run and managed by workers, with open books to prevent unfair hiring and firing practices.

Who do you look up to? Whose example would you like to follow, and why?

Gerald Malloy (R)

My parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles. My HS and West Point hockey coaches, Kevin Crowe and Jack Riley. Presidents Lincoln, Coolidge, Kennedy, Reagan. People who serve like military, first responders, healthcare, teachers, farmers. Character.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I look up to my parents, Bernie Sanders (oddly enough), Kshama Sawant, Ralph Nader, Jill Stein, Cornel West. I would probably follow in the footsteps of Kshama Sawant. She used her position in Seattle City Council to build her political party, effectively defend her position from corporate attacks, and mobilize people for goals larger than themselves. She used her office not for personal gain, but to further her movement. This is what I would also attempt to do.

Is there a book, essay, film, or something else you would recommend to someone who wants to understand your political philosophy?

Gerald Malloy (R)

The Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, the Gettysburg Address, and 'Profiles in Courage': Individual Freedom; Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness; of the people, by the people, for the people; character.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

"Facing the Anthropocene: Fossil Capitalism and the crisis of the earth system" by Ian Angus. We must understand the world system we live in if we want to fight for justice. Currently, we live in a world governed by carbon fueled capitalism. The ecosystem is rapidly changing. Our mission is to change this world system. Our end goal should be eco-socialism and anti-imperialism. If we fail, eco-fascism and barbarism will be compelled on the world population.

What characteristics or principles are most important for an elected official?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Character; Duty, honor, country.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

To be open-minded to accepting new information and incorporating it into their worldview. New developments and new information should always adjust your way of thinking and how you approach policies.

What qualities do you possess that you believe would make you a successful officeholder?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Character; Duty, Honor, Country values. I believe in the US Constitution and one Nation under God.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I am an attorney, which means I have to frequently represent people and interests that are not my own. However, I also view myself as a problem-solver, because sometimes coming to a negotiated settlement is better than dragging a conflict out, and clients need to know that. I also have to learn new information all the time and incorporate it into my analysis.

What do you believe are the core responsibilities for someone elected to this office?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Represent Vermonters and act in the best interests of the United States and Vermont; be accessible and produce results, not just talk and false promises. Unify.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

The core responsibility is to represent the interests of your state. For me, this means I would represent the interests of the people of this state, not the business interests, not the wealthy few. I would represent the vast majority of the poor and working class people who are struggling to get by, and who have little to no representation in policy outcomes.

What legacy would you like to leave?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Being a good father and husband and Christian. Service to my Country. Service as a United States Senator that produced results to restore safety, a strong economy, and unity back to America and Vermont.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I would want to be known as someone that fought against concentrated wealth and power, no matter what, and as a result inspired regular people to stand up for their interests. I would want people to look

What is the first historical event that happened in your lifetime that you remember? How old were you at the time?

Gerald Malloy (R)

The Vietnam war, MLK and RFK assassinations. 1968, I was 6. I would watch the news with Walter Cronkite with my Dad. Had the opportunity to meet Walter Cronkite many years later at West Point.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

September 11. I was 12.

What was your very first job? How long did you have it?

Gerald Malloy (R)

After 8th grade for a few summers I worked at Lost Brook Golf Course on the grounds crew and then I worked at GSF cleaning trucks in the summer, and in fall/winter I worked selling souvenirs for Twins Enterprises at New England Patriot's football games.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I worked to lift and move furniture at my high school. I had the job for probably a month or so as they prepared for summer school.

What is your favorite book? Why?

Gerald Malloy (R)

For Whom the Bell Tolls, but Moby Dick and The Seven Pillars of Wisdom are a close second. Life lessons, inspiration, information; can't put down stories.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

The Count of Monte Cristo. I loved the tension whenever the Count put someone in a trap of their own making.

If you could be any fictional character, who would you want to be?

Gerald Malloy (R)

I am reading South about Sir Ernest Shackleton and the Endurance expedition; it's not fiction but the story and his leadership are unreal.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

Big Boss, from Metal Gear Solid.

What was the last song that got stuck in your head?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Funny you should ask. Just this past Friday I heard VPR play Tchaikovsky's Violin Concerto. In '22 during a televised USS debate with Peter Welch I was asked what my favorite song is and I replied Tchaikovsky's Violin Concerto, by Leonid Kogan. I do have Aquarius/Let the Sunshine stuck in my head because I recently heard it, we're about to have a Solar Eclipse, and I think we're about finally make some changes so the sun shines bright on the 14th Star and America.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

International Love by Pitbull.

What is something that has been a struggle in your life?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Stacey and I have 4 wonderful children, but parenting is challenging. I was able to pass all my classes at West Point but that was challenging. Right now I really do not like how divided our Country is and I want to change that.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

Perfectionism and Anxiety.

What do you perceive to be the United States’ greatest challenges as a nation over the next decade?

Gerald Malloy (R)

The economy. The United States has the resources, work ethic, and innovation to support a very strong economy but that will only happen in a free, fair, capitalist open market without undue government intervention and regulation. Our economy must provide gainful employment and economic opportunity, this will support the Nation's education, infrastructure, military, government, law enforcement, entitlements, and many other areas. A strong economy will support 'the family' as the backbone of our society.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I see two main challenges. The first is adapting to climate change- both to reduce carbon emissions globally and respond to climate disasters as they occur. Second, is mitigating conflict abroad, with an eye to prevent nuclear catastrophe. Currently, the US is attempting to prepare for a 2 front war with Russia and China. I would reverse this trajectory, and push the US to work with Russia and China to manage their regions in the interest of maintaining global security. I would also rejoin Cold-War era nuclear arms control agreements that lapsed, and make new agreements to limit the use of smaller, more mobile, nuclear weapons. We must make it harder to use nukes, and reduce tensions abroad.

What are your thoughts on term limits?

Gerald Malloy (R)

I would support a Constitutional amendment regarding term limits. Voters can implement 'term limits' every time they vote. Part of the solution to career politicians is campaign finance reform.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I would support term limits.

What qualities does the U.S. Senate possess that makes it unique as an institution?

Gerald Malloy (R)

The six year term is a serious commitment from voters. A United States Senator should be willing and able to be fully accessible and energetically responsive and representative of their state, constituents, and the country. A US Senator must also have relative business, government, military, and foreign policy experience to best fulfill the requirements of the position. As the Oath states, a US Senator must bear true faith and allegiance to the US Constitution. The US Constitution is about promoting the general welfare; it is not about promoting welfare.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

The Senate gives outsized influence to small states, and effectively blocks the interests of larger population states. This means that small states like ours can get outsized federal support for legislation that needs to be passed. I would use that advantage to help the people of Vermont as best I can.

Do you believe that it’s beneficial for senators to have previous experience in government or politics?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Yes, but related to politics it is more important to have an understanding of politics. Career politicians do not take the harder right over the easier wrong because all they want to do is get re-elected, so real issues like border security (southern and northern), $34T debt, fentanyl crisis, loss of jobs and loss of energy and critical technology independence, inflation, crime because every Democrat in the US House voted to "Defund the Police", and foreign policy blunders that lead to war get ignored as career politicians overspend, play the blame game, and make false promises like free healthcare, free education, free housing, a shortened work week for the same pay, and that terrorists will stop all on their own. Sound familiar?

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

Not necessarily. Democracy means having a diversity of experiences and backgrounds. Having previous experience in government or politics might help you in one respect, but you may also be blind to other experiences that would be obvious to people with other backgrounds.

What do you think of the filibuster?

Gerald Malloy (R)

The filibuster is a last line of defense to ensure common sense prevails. It is a beneficial aspect of our governance that works for both sides.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

The filibuster is a rule set by Senate rules. It is an arbitrary rule that can be changed by majority vote of the Senate. I would support eliminating the filibuster for all legislation and appointments.

Is there a particular senator, past or present, whom you want to model yourself after?

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

Joe Manchin and Mitch McConnell. Though I disagree with almost all their positions, I think they have been very effective Senators. They used the institution of the Senate to pass policies that represented their states and caucus. They made legislation and appointments hinge on their demands. In short, they understand how to use their power as Senators for leverage. I would emulate those tactics- not for personal gain, but to support my state and to support the policies I care about.

Tell us your favorite joke.

Gerald Malloy (R)

If you lined up all the Economists in the world head to toe they would still not reach a conclusion.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

Basically any Simpsons lawyer jokes. I like the one with Lionel Hutz when he says: If there's one thing America Needs is more lawyers. Could you imagine a world without Lawyers? [Hutz imagines world peace and everyone dancing] [Hutz cringes]

How would you evaluate a judicial nominee?

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I would evaluate Supreme Court nominees differently from other nominees. I believe Trump's appointments got on the Supreme Court by misleading the Senate about their respect for precedent, including Roe v. Wade. Therefore, I would want to know Supreme Court nominees views about judicial precedents and if they were "wrong when initially decided" as Trumps nominees said about Roe v. Wade. I respect conservative judicial philosophy and textualism, however, I tend to agree with jurists like Kagan and Sotomayor, who carefully weigh the facts underlying the legal battles in court cases and how they apply to the law. Therefore, I would probably tend to support so-called "liberal" justices.

What kind of relationships would you build with other senators?

Gerald Malloy (R)

I will meet each of the other 99 Senators personally as soon as possible after taking office, and I will develop relationships. I have done this throughout the last 44 years. I have no doubt that I will be able to develop many relationships across the aisle to produce results for Vermonters and Vermont, Americans and America.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

My goal would be to constantly use my position as an independent and third party senator to advance Vermont's interests and the interests of the poor and working class. I would try to have a personally cordial but professionally antagonistic relationship with other senators. It's important for other senators to never assume I am on their side. Therefore, they will always reach out and request my views and opinions on policy and legislation, and keep me at the top of their mind if they want something passed. This way, I can maximize my leverage as senator for the causes and policies I care about.

Do you believe that compromise is necessary or desirable for policymaking?

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

Compromise is necessary in all policymaking. The question is who you compromise with and how. I would promote compromise with both the Democratic and Republican caucuses to maximize my goals for the people of Vermont. I would not strictly caucus with one party or the other.

How should the U.S. Senate use its investigative powers?

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

The US Senate should use its investigative powers to fight waste, fraud, and abuse in government agencies. It should also investigate wrongdoing by appointments that may justify impeachment and removal. Finally, the Senate should use their powers to investigate big picture policy changes. I think they currently use investigations as largely political theatre. This should not be the goal of congressional investigations.

What organizations or individuals have endorsed your campaign?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Hundreds of supporters in '22; based on interest and support to date, nationwide, I will have MUCH greater support this year.

What criteria would you apply when deciding whether to confirm presidential appointees to their Cabinet?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Qualifications and content of character. For SCJ nominees I would want to meet the nominee in person and I would be very involved in hearings to ensure a nominee actually believes in our Constitution and would uphold our Constitution.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I would take a holistic approach to the appointment. I would see how much they would rely on career officials in the department, but also ask how they would with the President and Vice President to manage the department and effectively communicate the goals of the Executive down to the agency.

What committees interest you?

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

Energy and Natural Resources, Foreign Relations, and Judiciary.

What are your views on financial transparency and government accountability?

Gerald Malloy (R)

Our Constitution is to provide just enough order so that every American can enjoy the liberty, freedom and rights from it. Our Constitution is not about more and more government - more and more control of individuals and more and more spending. We should have a balanced budget, we should have accountability to ensure a balanced budget, and we should have substantially more transparency on government spending. Stop the omnibus bills that no one reads that contain overspending for nonsense projects and add to the the $34,500,000,000,000 debt that endangers our entire economy as we pay $2,000,000,000 every day JUST to cover the interest on that debt, as we become more and more unable to meet mandatory funding, like social security.

Justin Schoville (Green Mountain Peace and Justice of Vermont)

I believe in increasing the size of the government. Therefore, we need as much government transparency as possible to reduce the risk of waste, fraud, and abuse. If there are so-called inefficiencies in government spending, they should be to promote policy goals, (like eliminating poverty and homelessness) and not to line the pockets of bureaucrats.

You can ask candidates in this race to fill out the survey by clicking their names below:

• Matthew Hill
• Steve Berry

Campaign finance

Name	Party	Receipts*	Disbursements**	Cash on hand	Date
Bernie Sanders	Independent	$34,218,233	$32,039,148	$10,485,079	As of July 24, 2024
Gerald Malloy	Republican Party	$216,082	$117,971	$98,973	As of July 24, 2024
Mark Stewart Greenstein	Epic Party	$0	$0	$0	Data not available***
Justin Schoville	Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party of Vermont	$0	$0	$0	Data not available***
Matthew Hill	Libertarian Party	$0	$0	$0	Data not available***
Steve Berry	Independent	$0	$0	$0	Data not available***
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2024. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC). * According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." ** According to the FEC, a disbursement "is a purchase, payment, distribution, loan, advance, deposit or gift of money or anything of value to influence a federal election," plus other kinds of payments not made to influence a federal election. *** Candidate either did not report any receipts or disbursements to the FEC, or Ballotpedia did not find an FEC candidate ID.

General election race ratings

See also: Race rating definitions and methods

Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

• Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
• Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
• Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.
• Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.

Race ratings: U.S. Senate election in Vermont, 2024
Race tracker	Race ratings
	October 1, 2024	September 24, 2024	September 17, 2024	September 10, 2024
The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic
Decision Desk HQ and The Hill	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic
Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball	Safe independent	Safe independent	Safe independent	Safe independent
Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week.

Ballot access requirements

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates in Vermont in the 2024 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Vermont, click here.

Filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates, 2024
State	Office	Party	Signatures required	Filing fee	Filing deadline	Source
Vermont	U.S. Senate	Major party	500	N/A	5/30/2024	Source
Vermont	U.S. Senate	Unaffiliated	500	N/A	8/8/2024	Source

Election history

The section below details election results for this state's U.S. Senate elections dating back to 2016.

2022

See also: United States Senate election in Vermont, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. Senate Vermont

The following candidates ran in the general election for U.S. Senate Vermont on November 8, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Peter Welch (D)	68.5	196,575
		Gerald Malloy (R)	28.0	80,468
		Dawn Ellis (Independent)	1.0	2,752
		Natasha Diamondstone-Kohout (Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party of Vermont)	0.5	1,574
		Kerry Patrick Raheb (Independent)	0.5	1,532
		Mark Coester (Independent)	0.4	1,273
		Stephen Duke (Independent)	0.4	1,209
		Cris Ericson (Independent)	0.4	1,105
		Other/Write-in votes	0.2	612

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 287,100
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Brock Pierce (Independent)
• Martha Abbott (Vermont Progressive Party)
• Christopher Helali (Communist Party)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Vermont

Peter Welch defeated Isaac Evans-Frantz and Niki Thran in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate Vermont on August 9, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Peter Welch	87.0	86,603
		Isaac Evans-Frantz	7.3	7,230
		Niki Thran	5.1	5,104
		Other/Write-in votes	0.6	599

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 99,536
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Folasade Adeluola (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. Senate Vermont

Gerald Malloy defeated Christina Nolan and Myers Mermel in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate Vermont on August 9, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Gerald Malloy	42.4	12,169
		Christina Nolan	37.7	10,825
		Myers Mermel	18.2	5,227
		Other/Write-in votes	1.7	489

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 28,710
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Justin Tuthill (R)

Vermont Progressive Party primary election

Vermont Progressive Party primary for U.S. Senate Vermont

Martha Abbott advanced from the Vermont Progressive Party primary for U.S. Senate Vermont on August 9, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Martha Abbott	86.6	473
		Other/Write-in votes	13.4	73

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 546
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2018

General election

General election for U.S. Senate Vermont

The following candidates ran in the general election for U.S. Senate Vermont on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
		Bernie Sanders (Independent)	67.3	183,649
		Lawrence Zupan (R)	27.4	74,663
		Brad Peacock (Independent)	1.4	3,787
		Russell Beste (Independent)	1.0	2,763
		Edward Gilbert Jr. (Independent)	0.8	2,244
		Folasade Adeluola (Independent)	0.7	1,979
		Jon Svitavsky (Independent)	0.5	1,280
		Reid Kane (Liberty Union Party)	0.4	1,171
		Bruce Busa (Independent)	0.3	914
		Other/Write-in votes	0.1	294

---

Vote totals may be incomplete for this race.
	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 272,744
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• H. Brooke Paige (R)

2016

See also: United States Senate election in Vermont, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated Vermont's U.S. Senate race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Patrick Leahy (D) defeated Scott Milne (R), Cris Ericson (United States Marijuana), Pete Diamondstone (Liberty Union), and Jerry Trudell (Independent) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Leahy defeated Cris Ericson in the Democratic primary on August 9, 2016.

U.S. Senate, Vermont General Election, 2016

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Patrick Leahy Incumbent	61.3%	192,243
	Republican	Scott Milne	33%	103,637
	United States Marijuana	Cris Ericson	2.9%	9,156
	Independent	Jerry Trudel	1.7%	5,223
	Liberty Union	Pete Diamondstone	1%	3,241
	N/A	Write-in	0.1%	309
Total Votes				313,809
Source: Vermont Secretary of State

U.S. Senate, Vermont Democratic Primary, 2016

Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Patrick Leahy Incumbent	89.1%	62,249
Cris Ericson	10.9%	7,596
Total Votes		69,845
Source: Vermont Secretary of State

Election analysis

Click the tabs below to view information about demographics, past elections, and partisan control of the state.

• Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the state.
• Statewide elections - Information about recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections in the state.
• State partisanship - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
• Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.

• Presidential elections
• Statewide elections
• State partisanship
• Demographics

See also: Presidential voting trends in Vermont and The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

Cook PVI by congressional district

Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index for Vermont, 2024
District	Incumbent	Party	PVI
Vermont's At-Large	Becca Balint	Democratic	D+16

2020 presidential results by 2024 congressional district lines

2020 presidential results in congressional districts based on 2024 district lines, Vermont
District	Joe Biden	Donald Trump
Vermont's At-Large	66.4%	30.8%

2012-2020

How a state's counties vote in a presidential election and the size of those counties can provide additional insights into election outcomes at other levels of government including statewide and congressional races. Below, four categories are used to describe each county's voting pattern over the 2012, 2016, and 2020 presidential elections: Solid, Trending, Battleground, and New. Click [show] on the table below for examples:

County-level voting pattern categories
Democratic
Status	2012	2016	2020
Solid Democratic	D	D	D
Trending Democratic	R	D	D
Battleground Democratic	D	R	D
New Democratic	R	R	D
Republican
Status	2012	2016	2020
Solid Republican	R	R	R
Trending Republican	D	R	R
Battleground Republican	R	D	R
New Republican	D	D	R

Following the 2020 presidential election, 99.1% of Vermonters lived in one of the state's 13 Solid Democratic counties, which voted for the Democratic presidential candidate in every election from 2012 to 2020, and 0.9% lived Essex County, the state's one Trending Republican county. Overall, Vermont was Solid Democratic, having voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2012, Hillary Clinton (D) in 2016, and Joe Biden (D) in 2020. Use the table below to view the total number of each type of county in Vermont following the 2020 election as well as the overall percentage of the state population located in each county type.

Vermont county-level statistics, 2020
Solid Democratic	13	99.1%
Trending Republican	1	0.9%
Total voted Democratic	13	99.1%
Total voted Republican	1	0.9%

Historical voting trends

Vermont presidential election results (1900-2020)

• 9 Democratic wins
• 22 Republican wins

Year	1900	1904	1908	1912	1916	1920	1924	1928	1932	1936	1940	1944	1948	1952	1956	1960	1964	1968	1972	1976	1980	1984	1988	1992	1996	2000	2004	2008	2012	2016	2020
Winning Party	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D

This section details the results of the five most recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections held in the state.

U.S. Senate elections

See also: List of United States Senators from Vermont

The table below details the vote in the five most recent U.S. Senate races in Vermont.

U.S. Senate election results in Vermont
Race	Winner	Runner up
2022	68.5%	28.0%
2018	67.4% (Independent)	27.5%
2016	61.3%	33.0%
2012	71.0% (Independent)	24.9%
2010	64.4%	30.9%
Average	65.9	29.7

Gubernatorial elections

See also: Governor of Vermont

The table below details the vote in the five most recent gubernatorial elections in Vermont.

Gubernatorial election results in Vermont
Race	Winner	Runner up
2022	71.0%	24.0% (Progressive Party)
2020	68.5%	27.3% (Progressive Party)
2018	55.2%	40.2%
2016	52.9%	44.2%
2014	46.4%	45.1%
Average	56.2	38.9

See also: Party control of Vermont state government

Congressional delegation

The table below displays the partisan composition of Vermont's congressional delegation as of May 2024.

Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Vermont
Party	U.S. Senate	U.S. House	Total
Democratic	1	1	2
Republican	0	0	0
Independent	1	0	1
Vacancies	0	0	0
Total	2	1	3

State executive

The table below displays the officeholders in Vermont's top four state executive offices as of May 2024.

State executive officials in Vermont, May 2024
Office	Officeholder
Governor	Phil Scott
Lieutenant Governor	David Zuckerman
Secretary of State	Sarah Copeland Hanzas
Attorney General	Charity Clark

State legislature

Vermont State Senate

Party		As of February 2024
	Democratic Party	22
	Republican Party	7
	Vermont Progressive Party	1
	Other	0
	Vacancies	0
Total		30

Vermont House of Representatives

Party		As of February 2024
	Democratic Party	106
	Republican Party	37
	Vermont Progressive Party	3
	Independent	3
	Libertarian Party	1
	Other	0
	Vacancies	0
Total		150

Trifecta control

The table below shows the state's trifecta status from 1992 until 2024.

Vermont Party Control: 1992-2024
Ten years of Democratic trifectas  •  No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24
Governor	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
Senate	D	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
House	R	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D

The table below details demographic data in Vermont and compares it to the broader United States as of 2022.

Demographic Data for Vermont
	Vermont	United States
Population	643,077	331,449,281
Land area (sq mi)	9,217	3,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White	92.3%	65.9%
Black/African American	1.2%	12.5%
Asian	1.7%	5.8%
Native American	0.2%	0.8%
Pacific Islander	0%	0.2%
Two or more	4%	8.8%
Hispanic/Latino	2.1%	18.7%
Education
High school graduation rate	94.2%	89.1%
College graduation rate	41.7%	34.3%
Income
Median household income	$74,014	$75,149
Persons below poverty level	5.9%	8.8%
Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2020). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2017-2022).
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

See also

Vermont	2024 primaries	2024 U.S. Congress elections
Vermont congressional delegation Voting in Vermont Vermont elections: 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018	Democratic primary battlegrounds Republican primary battlegrounds U.S. Senate Democratic primaries U.S. Senate Republican primaries U.S. House Democratic primaries U.S. House Republican primaries	U.S. Congress elections U.S. Senate elections U.S. House elections Special elections Ballot access

External links

• Search Google News for this topic

Footnotes

[show]

Vermont's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Bernie Sanders (I)

Peter Welch (D)

Representatives

Becca Balint (D)

Democratic Party (2)

Independent (1)