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Catalysts
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Study on Electrocatalytic Activity of Metal Oxides
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Study on Electrocatalytic Activity of Metal Oxides

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrocatalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 August 2024) | Viewed by 6120

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaochao Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen, Germany
Interests: nanomaterials; energy materials; battery; electrochemistry; environmental catalysis
Prof. Dr. Zhao Cai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
Interests: chemistry; materials; energy; catalysis; battery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electrocatalysis is an important branch of catalysis research; it is cross-disciplinary in nature and attracts the interest of chemists, physicists, biochemists, surface and materials scientists, and engineers. In recent decades, various electrocatalytic reactions, such as water splitting, oxygen reduction, carbon dioxide reduction, nitrogen reduction, alcohol oxidation, etc. have received a great deal of attention from the academic community, industrial researchers, as well as governments.

Noble metal-based catalysts have been considered the benchmarks for various electrocatalytic reactions due to the high activity. However, this is economically unfavorable due to their limited reserves and high cost for industrial use. To overcome this challenge, investigations of low-cost metal oxide catalysts with both satisfactory intrinsic activity and stability have attracted significant attention in recent years.

This Special Issue aims to cover the latest studies on metal oxide catalysts for electrocatalytic-related applications, providing a platform for the presentation of cutting-edge innovative research with application value and in-depth mechanistic studies.

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit a full paper, detailed review, or significant preliminary communication related to metal oxides electrocatalysis.

Dr. Xiaochao Wu
Prof. Dr. Zhao Cai
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metal oxides
  • electrocatalysis
  • energy conversion
  • electrocatalytic activity
  • water splitting
  • oxygen reduction
  • carbon dioxide reduction
  • nitrogen reduction
  • alcohol oxidation

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 8175 KiB  
Article
Utilization of Banana Juice Biomass Waste to Activate CuO/NiO Composites for Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Urea in Alkaline Media
by Irum Naz, Aneela Tahira, Arfana Begum Mallah, Ihsan Ali Mahar, Asma Hayat, Aqeel Ahmed Shah, Elmuez Dawi, Atef AbdElKader, Lama Saleem, Rafat M. Ibrahim and Zafar Hussain Ibupoto
Catalysts 2024, 14(10), 669; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14100669 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 386
Abstract
The hydrothermal synthesis of CuO/NiO composites was conducted using banana fruit biomass waste. In this study, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate the crystalline properties, shape structure, and functional group characterization of CuO/NiO composites. [...] Read more.
The hydrothermal synthesis of CuO/NiO composites was conducted using banana fruit biomass waste. In this study, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate the crystalline properties, shape structure, and functional group characterization of CuO/NiO composites. The typical morphology of the prepared materials consisted of irregular nanoparticles arranged into clusters of less than 200 nanometers in size. In spite of this, the CuO/NiO composites showed monoclinic CuO and cubic NiO phases and were therefore successfully synthesized. It was observed that rotten banana fruit juice had a significant impact on the particle size and crystal quality of CuO/NiO composites. This was due to the presence of capping, reducing, and stabilizing agents in banana fruit juice. Under alkaline conditions, the CuO/NiO composites were found to be highly electro catalytically active toward the oxidation of urea. Sample 2, which was prepared by adding 1.2 g of CuO decorated with NiO, showed a linear increase in urea detection ranging from 0.1 mM to 17 mM, with a limit of detection of 0.004 mM. Furthermore, sample 2 of the CuO/NiO composite demonstrated exceptional stability, selectivity, and reproducibility. Consequently, sample 2 of CuO/NiO could effectively detect urea in spinach, lotus root, milk, and curd. The improved performance of sample 2 of the CuO/NiO composite can be attributed to its favorable surface properties, which contain enriched active sites and a rapid charge transfer rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Electrocatalytic Activity of Metal Oxides)
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10 pages, 2580 KiB  
Article
Boosting the Hydrogen Evolution Performance of Ultrafine Ruthenium Electrocatalysts by a Hierarchical Phosphide Array Promoter
by Jing Wang, Yuzhe Cao, Mingyang Wei, Pengbo Xiang, Xiaoqing Ma, Xiaolei Yuan, Yong Xiang and Zhao Cai
Catalysts 2024, 14(8), 491; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14080491 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 671
Abstract
Tuning the chemical and structural environment of Ru-based nanomaterials is a major challenge for achieving active and stable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysis. Here, we anchored ultrafine Ru nanoparticles (with a size of ~4.2 nm) on a hierarchical Ni2P array (Ru/Ni [...] Read more.
Tuning the chemical and structural environment of Ru-based nanomaterials is a major challenge for achieving active and stable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysis. Here, we anchored ultrafine Ru nanoparticles (with a size of ~4.2 nm) on a hierarchical Ni2P array (Ru/Ni2P) to enable highly efficient HER. The Ni2P promoter weakened the adsorption of proton on Ru sites by accepting electrons from Ru nanoparticles. Moreover, the hierarchical Ni2P endowed Ru catalysts with a large surface area and stable open structure. Consequently, the as-fabricated Ru/Ni2P electrode displayed a low overpotential of 57 and 164 mV at the HER current densities of 10 and 50 mA cm−2, respectively, comparable to the state-of-the-art Pt catalysts. Moreover, the Ru/Ni2P electrode can operate stably for 96 h at 50 mA cm−2 without performance degradation. After pairing with a commercial RuO2 anode, the Ru/Ni2P anode catalyzed overall water splitting at 1.73 V with a current density of 10 mA cm−2, which was 0.16 V lower than its commercial Ni counterpart. In situ Raman studies further revealed the optimized proton adsorption at the Ru-active sites on Ni2P promoter, thus enhancing the electrocatalytic HER performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Electrocatalytic Activity of Metal Oxides)
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13 pages, 2953 KiB  
Article
A Single-Atom Au Catalyst Boosts High-Efficiency Electrochemical Seawater Oxidation
by Qihao Sha, Jian Shen, Guotao Yang, Tianshui Li, Wei Liu, Yun Kuang and Xiaoming Sun
Catalysts 2024, 14(6), 348; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14060348 - 29 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 772
Abstract
Alkaline seawater electrolysis has garnered significant attention as an efficient, green, and sustainable method for producing green hydrogen in recent years. However, the lack of highly active anodes in seawater electrolysis to prevent chloride oxidation reactions has limited its commercial application. In this [...] Read more.
Alkaline seawater electrolysis has garnered significant attention as an efficient, green, and sustainable method for producing green hydrogen in recent years. However, the lack of highly active anodes in seawater electrolysis to prevent chloride oxidation reactions has limited its commercial application. In this study, Au single atoms were deposited on NiCoFeS through the electrochemical deposition method. The optimized catalyst exhibited significantly enhanced activity in seawater electrolyte; the Au@NiCoFeS catalyst achieved a current density of 10 mA/cm2 with only 183 mV and maintained its performance without degradation for 250 h at a current density of 200 mA/cm2, with no corrosion observed on either the catalyst or the substrate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Electrocatalytic Activity of Metal Oxides)
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12 pages, 2603 KiB  
Article
Large-Scale and Simple Synthesis of NiFe(OH)x Electrode Derived from Raney Ni Precursor for Efficient Alkaline Water Electrolyzer
by Tianshui Li, Wei Liu, Huijun Xin, Qihao Sha, Haijun Xu, Yun Kuang and Xiaoming Sun
Catalysts 2024, 14(5), 296; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14050296 - 29 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1824
Abstract
Water electrolysis is a crucial technology in the production of hydrogen energy. Due to the escalating industrial demand for green hydrogen, the required electrode size for a traditional alkaline water electrolyzer has been increasing. Numerous studies have focused on developing highly active oxygen [...] Read more.
Water electrolysis is a crucial technology in the production of hydrogen energy. Due to the escalating industrial demand for green hydrogen, the required electrode size for a traditional alkaline water electrolyzer has been increasing. Numerous studies have focused on developing highly active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts for water electrolysis. However, there remains a significant gap between the microscale synthesis of catalysts in laboratory settings and the macroscale preparation required for industrial scenarios. This challenge is particularly pronounced in the synthesis of sizable self-supported electrodes. In this work, we employed a commercially available Raney Ni-coated Ni mesh as a precursor material to fabricate a self-supported NiFe(OH)x@Raney Ni anode with a substantial dimension exceeding 300 mm through a straightforward immersion technique. The as-prepared electrode exhibited remarkable electrocatalytic OER activity, as an overpotential of only 240 mV is required to achieve 10 mA cm−2. This performance is comparable to that of NiFe-LDHs synthesized via a hydrothermal method, which is difficult to scale up for industrial applications. Furthermore, the electrode demonstrated exceptional durability, maintaining stable operation for over 100 h at a current density of 500 mA cm−2. The large-scale electrode displayed consistent overpotentials across various areas, indicating uniform catalytic activity. When integrated into an alkaline water electrolysis device, it delivered an average cell voltage of 1.80 V at 200 mA cm−2 and achieved a direct current hydrogen production energy consumption as low as 4.3 kWh/Nm3. These findings underline the suitability of electrodes for industrial scale applications, offering a promising alternative for energy-efficient hydrogen production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Electrocatalytic Activity of Metal Oxides)
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12 pages, 2427 KiB  
Article
One-Step Synthesis of Ultrathin High-Entropy Layered Double Hydroxides for Ampere-Level Water Oxidation
by Jianlei Jing, Wei Liu, Tianshui Li, Xiaoqian Ding, Wenhai Xu, Mengze Ma, Daojin Zhou, Yaping Li and Xiaoming Sun
Catalysts 2024, 14(3), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14030171 - 27 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1905
Abstract
The development of high-entropy anodes, known for their excellent catalytic activity for water oxidation, can depress the energy consumption of hydrogen production by water electrolysis. However, the complex preparation methods and poor stability hindered their practical application. In this work, a one-step co-precipitation [...] Read more.
The development of high-entropy anodes, known for their excellent catalytic activity for water oxidation, can depress the energy consumption of hydrogen production by water electrolysis. However, the complex preparation methods and poor stability hindered their practical application. In this work, a one-step co-precipitation method has been modified to rapidly synthesize ultrathin high-entropy layered double hydroxide containing Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, Zn. Through the rational selection of metal elements, the stability of the optimized anode under Ampere-level current density has been significantly improved. Compared to NiFe-LDH, the active site leaching of high-entropy LDH is reduced by 42.7%, and as a result, it achieves a performance decay that is approximately eight times lower than that of NiFe-LDH. Experiment results show that the active sites in the high-entropy LDH can maintain a relatively low oxidation state both before and after activation, thus preventing material deactivation caused by excessive oxidation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Electrocatalytic Activity of Metal Oxides)
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