Fundraising for the 2014 supreme court elections
The 2014 state supreme court elections continued the trend of big fundraising in judicial elections, with a number of states surpassing previous records.[1] Nationally, 25 high court seats were contested in 10 states in 2014. In those 10 states, 61 candidates raised a combined total of $15,962,422 in their contested bids for election to their state’s highest court.
North Carolina had the highest total amount of money raised by its supreme court candidates out of any state, but Ohio Supreme Court candidates raised the most per person, on average. Tennessee saw abnormally high fundraising amidst anti-retention efforts against three justices. Richard Bernstein's campaign committee in Michigan reported the most money raised of any single state supreme court candidate in 2014.
2014 elections by the numbers
The following totals are for money received by the individual candidate campaigns and do not include the total amount of money spent by the candidates or any money spent by outside groups on behalf of the candidates. All numbers are rounded to the nearest dollar.
Top five states for campaign funds raised
- North Carolina: $4,065,901 raised among nine candidates vying for four seats.
- Michigan: $3,853,677 raised among eight candidates vying for two seats.
- Texas: $3,510,256 raised among 22 candidates vying for seven seats.
- Ohio: $2,371,347 raised among four candidates vying for two seats.
- Tennessee: $1,142,724 raised among three justices vying for retention.
Incumbents vs. non-incumbents
In contested elections, non-incumbent supreme court candidates, on average, raised about half the amount of money that incumbents raised.
- Incumbents raised a total of $9,128,104. Non-incumbents raised a total of $6,834,318.
- Nineteen incumbents ran for re-election and faced off against 42 non-incumbent candidates. Fifteen non-incumbents did not report any campaign contributions.
- Average amount raised per incumbent candidate: $480,427
- Average amount raised per non-incumbent candidate (excluding those who received no campaign contributions): $253,123
- Number of incumbents who lost their bids for re-election: 0
Greatest fundraising disparities
- In Ohio, incumbent Justice Sharon Kennedy raised $906,305 more than her opponent Tom Letson to keep her seat. Likewise, Justice Judith French raised $702,752 more than her opposing candidate, John P. O’Donnell, to remain on the bench.
- In Texas, incumbent Nathan L. Hecht raised $1,373,323 more than his opponent William Moody. Justice Jeff Brown raised $657,101 more than opponent Lawrence Meyers and $658,101 more than opponent Mark Ash (who raised $0). Also, Phil Johnson raised approximately $837,420 more than both his opponents, RS Roberto Koelsch and Jim Chisholm.
- In Michigan, candidate Richard Bernstein raised $1,232,095 more than the next most funded candidate in the race, Brian Zahra (at $944,626). Justice David Viviano raised $815,326 more than opponent Deborah Thomas and $893,856 more than opponent Kerry L. Morgan.
High fundraising with no payoff
- In Arkansas, Tim Cullen raised the most funds at $127,932 but was defeated by incumbent Robin Wynne, who raised $99,295.
- In Montana, Lawrence VanDyke raised $135,649 but was defeated by Mike Wheat, who raised $123,878.
- In North Carolina, Michael L. Robinson raised $395,587 but was defeated by incumbent Cheri Beasley, who raised $365,534.
Top individual fundraisers and their election results
| Candidate | State | Amount raised | percent of total vote received |
|---|---|---|---|
| Richard Bernstein | Michigan | $2,176,721 | 28.9 percent (competed against 5 other candidates for 2 spots) |
| Nathan L. Hecht | Texas | $1,390,223 | 59.7% |
| Judith French | Ohio | $1,058,258 | 55.9% |
| Sharon Kennedy | Ohio | $931,944 | 72.5% |
| Brian Zahra | Michigan | $944,626 | 32.2 percent (competed against 5 other candidates for 2 spots) |
Key races
North Carolina
In North Carolina, big money (via independent expenditures) was spent on unsuccessful attempts to unseat Democratic Justices Robin Hudson and Cheri Beasley. Hudson raised $743,270 to counter the efforts of the Republican State Leadership Committee, who spent $1.3 million for both primary and general elections in North Carolina. Close to $700,000 was spent on a negative television ad against Hudson in the primary, and $210,000 was spent in support of Michael L. Robinson, Beasley’s opponent.[2]
Tennessee
In Tennessee, three sitting justices, Gary R. Wade, Cornelia Clark and Sharon Lee, were up for retention in 2014. In the past, such retention elections in Tennessee were largely uncontested, with the retention election often taking place as a mere formality. In 2014, however, the Tennessee Supreme Court races made national headlines due in large part to the actions undertaken by Senate Speaker Ron Ramsey and his attempts to unseat the three Democratic-leaning supreme court justices. Ramsey, a member of the Republican State Leadership Committee (RSLC), stated, "if you could have fair impartial Democrat judges, and fair and impartial Republican judges, which I believe you can, I'd pick the Republican's [sic]."[3] Ramsey and the RSLC, aided by funds from the State Government Leadership Foundation and the Koch brothers-backed Americans for Prosperity, failed in their attempt to unseat the justices, but only after a total of $2.4 million had been spent between both sides.[4]
For the three justices, the 2014 election became the first time they (or any of the rest of the high court justices in Tennessee) had to actively campaign to keep their seats. Collectively, the three justices raised a total of $1,142,724, aided in large part by the group Tennesseans for Fair Courts, an independent expenditure group, which contributed another $345,000.[4]
Michigan
The 2014 Michigan elections were described by the Brennan Center for Justice as one of the nation's most expensive and least transparent, with campaign committees accounting for barely half of all their spending.[5] This is due to a quirk in Michigan law that protects the secrecy of donors to issue-based independent groups not directly affiliated with a candidate.[6] The most prominent of these unregulated spenders were the Michigan Republican Party, with nearly $4.2 million spent on television ads, and the Center for Individual Freedom, which spent another $468,000 on television ads. By comparison, Republican candidates and the independent groups that did report their expenditures spent a total of $2.9 million.[7][8]
Three seats were on the ballot for the Michigan Supreme Court in 2014. Incumbent Justice Brian Zahra competed for one of two full terms, and appointed Justice David Viviano ran for election to a partial term.[9] As for individual campaign funds raised by the candidates themselves, the two Republican-backed candidates (Zahra and Viviano) reported $1,838,482 raised between both of their campaigns. Elected Democratic candidate, Richard Bernstein, had the highest individual amount raised with a total of $2,176,721, though over $1.85 million was self-funded.[5]
Montana
Montana saw its most expensive judicial race on record in the 2014 election year. Incumbent Montana Supreme Court Justice Michael E. Wheat, a Democrat, faced opposition from Lawrence VanDyke, the state's solicitor general. The two candidates raised a total of $259,527 between themselves.[10][11]
These relatively nominal amounts raised by Wheat and VanDyke sit in contrast to the amount of expenditures raised by independent groups in support of the candidates. As Montana was one of its targeted states, the Republican State Leadership Committee was reported to have spent between $469,000 and $640,000 there. An additional $170,000 was provided by Americans for Prosperity. Their opponents, in turn, raised $475,000 through a political action committee comprised of contributions from Montana trial lawyers and unions, and the group Montanans for Liberty and Justice, which contributed $180,180.[10][11] Despite the unprecedented influx of independent expenditures, Wheat was re-elected to his seat with 59.1 percent of the vote.[12]
Campaign contribution totals
Below are the total contributions received by the various state supreme court campaigns as of their most recent financial disclosure reports. For more information on each state's high court races, see: State supreme court elections, 2014, or click on the links below.
Arkansas Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total monetary contributions received by candidates:[13]
Position 2 - Corbin seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Tim Cullen | $127,932.13 |
| Robin Wynne | $99,295.00 |
Position 6 - Baker seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Karen R. Baker | $49,285.00 |
Position 7 - Brown seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Rhonda Wood | $154,900.00 |
Idaho Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total campaign contributions received by contested candidates in 2014:[14]
Horton seat
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Joel Horton | $136,336.61[15] |
| William Seiniger | $40,331.74[16] |
Jones seat
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Warren E. Jones | $0[17][18] |
Kentucky Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total reported campaign contributions received by candidates (includes both primary and general election totals):[19]
6th District seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Michelle Keller | $99,796.66 |
| Teresa L. Cunningham | $13,766.73 |
Michigan Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total campaign contributions received and reported:
8-year term:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Doug Dern | $0.00 |
| Brian Zahra | $944,626.47[20][21][22][23] |
| Richard Bernstein | $2,176,721.00[24][25][26][27] |
| William "Bill" Murphy | $280,451.00[28][29][30] |
| James Robert Redford | $424,119.25[31][32][33][34] |
2-year term:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Kerry L. Morgan | $0.00 |
| David Viviano | $893,856.47[35][36][37][38] |
| Deborah Thomas | $78,530.00[39][40][41][42] |
Minnesota Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total reported contributions received by candidates for the 2014 elections (does not include in-kind contributions):[43]
Seat 2:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Wilhelmina Wright | $152,710.00 |
| John Hancock | $0.00 |
Seat 3:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Michelle L. MacDonald | $933.00 |
| David Lillehaug | $111,809.00 |
Montana Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total candidate contributions reported:
Supreme Court Justice #1, Rice seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| W. David Herbert | $6,170.49[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] |
| Jim Rice | $81,589.67[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] |
Supreme Court Justice #2, Wheat seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Lawrence VanDyke | $135,648.93[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74] |
| Mike Wheat | $123,878.00[75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87] |
North Carolina Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total reported contributions to candidate campaign committees:[88]
Chief Justice (Parker) seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Mark Martin | $670,675.48[89][90][91][92][93][94] |
| Ola M. Lewis | $216,295.27[95][96][97][98] |
Martin seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Sam Ervin | $688,701.58[99][100][101][102][103] |
| Robert N. Hunter, Jr. | $407,003.45[104][105][106][107][108][109][110] |
Beasley seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Cheri Beasley | $365,534.18[111][112][113][114] |
| Michael L. Robinson | $395,586.82[115][116][117][118][119] |
Hudson seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Robin Hudson | $743,270.49[120][121][122][123][124][125] |
| Eric Lee Levinson | $566,844.41[126][127][128][129][130] |
| Jeanette Kathleen Doran | $11,991.34[131] |
Ohio Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total candidate contributions reported:
French seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Judith French | $1,058,257.60[132] |
| John P. O'Donnell | $355,506.24[133] |
Kennedy seat:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Sharon L. Kennedy | $931,944.34[134] |
| Tom Letson | $25,639.00[135] |
Tennessee Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total contributions received by candidates in 2014:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Cornelia Clark | $319,681.00[136][137][138][139] |
| Sharon Lee | $320,777.00[140][141][142][143] |
| Gary R. Wade | $502,265.99[144][145][146][147] |
Texas Court of Criminal Appeals elections, 2014
Total contributions received and reported as of November 4, 2014:[148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161]
Seat 3
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| John Granberg | $1,950.00 |
| Mark Bennett | $0.00 |
| Bert Richardson | $47,602.19 |
Seat 4
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Kevin Patrick Yeary | $47,337.59 |
| Judith Sanders-Castro | $0.00 |
| Quanah Parker | $0.00 |
Seat 9
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| William Bryan Strange | $0.00 |
| George Joseph Altgelt | $0.00 |
| David Newell | $36,791.39 |
Texas Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total contributions received and reported as of November 4, 2014:[162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175]
Place 1
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Nathan L. Hecht | $1,390,222.55 |
| William Moody | $16,900.00 |
| Tom Oxford | $0.00 |
Place 6:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Jeff Brown | $658,101.00 |
| Mark Ash | $0.00 |
| Lawrence Meyers | $1,000.00 |
Place 7:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Jeffrey S. Boyd | $413,031.77[176] |
| Gina Benavides | $59,887.89 |
| Don Fulton | $0.00 |
| Charles E. Waterbury | $0.00 |
Place 8:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Phil Johnson | $837,428.20 |
| RS Roberto Koelsch | $3.00 |
| Jim Chisholm | $0.00 |
Washington Supreme Court elections, 2014
Total reported contributions to candidates in 2014:[177]
Position 1:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Mary Yu | $44,531.05 |
Position 3:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Mary Fairhurst | $91,747.50 |
Position 4:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Charles W. Johnson | $18,038.14 |
| Eddie Yoon | $0.00 |
Position 7:
| Candidate | Total contributions |
|---|---|
| Debra Stephens | $68,377.79 |
| John Scannell | $0.00 |
See also
- State supreme court elections, 2014
- Portal:Judicial elections
- State supreme courts
- 2014 supreme court election results: Democratic gain in North Carolina, incumbents dominate nationally
Footnotes
- ↑ Demos.org, "A Tide of Ad Spending Undermines Judicial Impartiality," November 6, 2014
- ↑ Justice at Stake, "TV Ad Spending Reaches Nearly $14 Million in 2014 State Supreme Court Races," November 5, 2014
- ↑ Nashville Scene.com, "Q&A: Ron Ramsey On His Controversial Push Against Supreme Court," May 9, 2014
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Times Free Press.com, "Price tag on Tennessee Supreme Court justices retention election fight: $2.4 million," October 13, 2014
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Michigan Campaign Finance Network, "Michigan's 2014 Supreme Court Campaign: $10.3M," December 10, 2014
- ↑ WXYZ.com, "Politics, secret donations fuel Michigan Supreme Court races," October 28, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Campaign Finance Netork, "Campaign Finance Summary, Michigan Supreme Court Campaign," accessed December 10, 2014
- ↑ WXYZ.com, "Secret donations flood races for Attorney General, State Supreme Court," November 17, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Supreme Court elections, 2014
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 The Brennan Center For Justice, "Surge of Last Minute Outside Spending Hits State Supreme Court Races," October 30, 2014
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 The New York Times, "Montana Judicial Race Joins Big-Money Fray," November 2, 2014
- ↑ Montana Secretary of State, "Unofficial general election results November 4, 2014," accessed December 10, 2014
- ↑ Arkansas Secretary of State, "Financial Disclosure Search," accessed December 4, 2014
- ↑ Idaho Secretary of State, "Campaign finance listings by office - Supreme Court Justice," accessed June 19, 2014
- ↑ Idaho Secretary of State, "Joel Horton Campaign Finance Disclosure Report Summary," June 19, 2014
- ↑ Idaho Secretary of State, "Wm. Breck Seiniger Jr. Campaign Finance Disclosure Report Summary (amended)," July 9, 2014
- ↑ Idaho Secretary of State, "Warren Jones Campaign Finance Disclosure Report Summary," May 12, 2014
- ↑ Idaho Secretary of State, "Warren Jones Campaign Finance Disclosure Report Summary," June 5, 2014
- ↑ Kentucky Registry of Election Finance, "Candidate Search (by candidate name)," accessed October 27, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Brian Zahra Pre-Convention Report Summary Page," September 5, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Brian Zahra Post-Convention Report Summary Page," September 22, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Brian Zahra Pre-General Report Summary Page," October 31, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Brian Zahra Post-General Report Summary Page," December 3, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Richard Bernstein Post-General Report Summary Page," December 4, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Richard Bernstein Pre-General Report Summary Page," November 4, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Richard Bernstein Post-Convention Report Summary Page," September 21, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Richard Bernstein Pre-Convention Report Summary Page," August 20, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Bill Murphy Post-General Report Summary Page," November 26, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Bill Murphy Pre-General Report Summary Page," October 24, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Bill Murphy Post-Convention Report Summary Page," September 22, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "James Robert Redford Post-General Report Summary Page," December 3, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "James Robert Redford Pre-General Report Summary Page," October 31, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "James Robert Redford Post-Convention Report Summary Page," October 31, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "James Robert Redford Pre-Convention Report Summary Page," August 12, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "David Viviano Post-General Report Summary Page," December 3, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "David Viviano Pre-General Report Summary Page," October 31, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "David Viviano Post-Convention Report Summary Page," October 31, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "David Viviano Pre-Convention Report Summary Page," August 12, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Deborah Thomas Post-General Report Summary Page," December 4, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Deborah Thomas Pre-General Report Summary Page," October 24, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Deborah Thomas Post-Convention Report Summary Page," September 22, 2014
- ↑ Michigan Secretary of State, "Deborah Thomas Pre-Convention Report Summary Page," August 13, 2014
- ↑ Minnesota Campaign Finance & Public Disclosure Board, "Candidate Reports of Receipts and Expenditures: 2014 Supreme Court Candidates," accessed November 4, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," March 6, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," April 9, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," May 16, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," May 27, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," July 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," August 7, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," September 10, 2014
- ↑ objectType=document Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," October 20, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," October 30, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, W. David Herbert," November 24, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," January 6, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," March 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," April 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," May 19, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," May 29, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," June 23, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," July 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," August 11, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," September 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," October 30, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, James Rice," November 24, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," April 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," May 19, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," May 29, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," June 23, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," July 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," August 11, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," September 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," October 20, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," October 30, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Lawrence Vandyke," November 24, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," March 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," April 9, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," May 16, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," May 29, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," June 23, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," July 9, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," August 11, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," September 10, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," October 23, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," October 30, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," November 3, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," November 5, 2014
- ↑ Commissioner of Political Practices, "Candidate Campaign Finance Report, Michael E. Wheat," November 24, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Campaign Finance Reports," accessed February 2, 2015
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Martin for Chief Justice 1st quarter disclosure report," April 29, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Martin for Chief Justice 2nd quarter disclosure report," July 21, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Martin for Chief Justice disclosure report," October 22, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Martin for Chief Justice disclosure report," October 23, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Martin for Chief Justice third quarter disclosure report," October 28, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Martin for Chief Justice third quarter disclosure report," January 12, 2015
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Committee to Elect Judge Ola M. Lewis Supreme Court 1st quarter disclosure report," April 28, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Committee to Elect Judge Ola M. Lewis Supreme Court 2nd quarter disclosure report," July 10, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Committee to Elect Judge Ola M. Lewis Supreme Court 3rd quarter disclosure report," October 28, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Committee to Elect Judge Ola M. Lewis Supreme Court 4th quarter disclosure report," January 12, 2015
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Ervin for Supreme Court 1st quarter disclosure report," April 29, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Ervin for Supreme Court 2nd quarter disclosure report," July 10, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Ervin for Supreme Court disclosure report," October 21, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Ervin for Supreme Court 3rd quarter disclosure report," October 28, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Ervin for Supreme Court 4th quarter disclosure report," January 12, 2015
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Bob Hunter for Justice 1st quarter disclosure report," April 29, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Bob Hunter for Justice 2nd quarter disclosure report," July 18, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Bob Hunter for Justice disclosure report," October 21, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Bob Hunter for Justice disclosure report," October 23, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Bob Hunter for Justice disclosure report," October 24, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Bob Hunter for Justice 3rd quarter disclosure report," October 28, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Bob Hunter for Justice 4th quarter disclosure report," January 12, 2015
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Justice Cheri Beasley Committee 1st quarter disclosure report," April 21, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Justice Cheri Beasley Committee 2nd quarter disclosure report," July 9, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Justice Cheri Beasley Committee 3rd quarter disclosure report," October 27, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Justice Cheri Beasley Committee 4th quarter disclosure report," January 12, 2015
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Michael Robinson for NC Supreme Court 1st quarter disclosure report," April 28, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Michael Robinson for NC Supreme Court 2nd quarter disclosure report," July 9, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Michael Robinson for NC Supreme Court disclosure report," October 21, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Michael Robinson for NC Supreme Court 3rd quarter disclosure report," October 28, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Michael Robinson for NC Supreme Court 4th quarter disclosure report," January 12, 2015
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Re-elect Justice Hudson 1st quarter disclosure report," April 28, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Re-elect Justice Hudson 2nd quarter disclosure report," August 29, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Re-elect Justice Hudson disclosure report," October 22, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Re-elect Justice Hudson disclosure report," October 23, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Re-elect Justice Hudson 3rd quarter disclosure report," October 27, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Re-elect Justice Hudson 4th quarter disclosure report," January 12, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Levinson Comm. 1st quarter disclosure report," April 28, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Levinson Comm. 2nd quarter disclosure report," July 10, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Levinson Comm. disclosure report," October 24, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Levinson Comm. 3rd quarter disclosure report," October 29, 2014
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Levinson Comm. 4th quarter disclosure report," January 14, 2015
- ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "Jeanette Doran for Justice mid-year semi-annual disclosure report," August 3, 2014
- ↑ Ohio Secretary of State, "French for Justice contribution history," accessed December 17, 2014
- ↑ Ohio Secretary of State, "Judge O'Donnell for Justice (John) contribution history," accessed December 17, 2014
- ↑ Ohio Secretary of State, "Kennedy for Ohio contribution history," accessed December 17, 2014
- ↑ Ohio Secretary of State, "Vote Tom Letson contribution history," accessed December 17, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "1st Quarter Report for Cornelia A. Clark," April 9, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "2nd Quarter Report for Cornelia A. Clark," July 10, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "Pre-General Report for Cornelia A. Clark," July 31, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "3rd Quarter Report for Cornelia A. Clark," October 10, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "1st Quarter Report for Sharon G. Lee," April 7, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "2nd Quarter Report for Sharon G. Lee," July 10, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "Pre-General Report for Sharon G. Lee," July 31, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "3rd Quarter Report for Sharon G. Lee," October 10, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "1st Quarter Report for Gary R. Wade," April 10, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "2nd Quarter Report for Gary R. Wade," July 10, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "Pre-General Report for Gary R. Wade," July 31, 2014
- ↑ Tennessee Online Campaign Finance, "3rd Quarter Report for Gary R. Wade," October 8, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - January Semi-Annual," January 15, 2014 (Part I)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - January Semi-Annual," January 15, 2014 (Part II)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - January Semi-Annual," January 15, 2014 (Part III)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 30 Days Before Primary," February 3, 2014 (Part I)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 30 Days Before Primary," February 3, 2014 (Part II)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 8 Days Before Primary," February 24, 2014 (Part I)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 8 Days Before Primary," February 24, 2014 (Part II)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - July SemiAnnual - Part I," August 27, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - July SemiAnnual - Part II," August 27, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - July SemiAnnual - Part III," August 27, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 30 Days Before General Election - Part I," October 15, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 30 Days Before General Election - Part II," October 15, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 8 days Before General Election - Part I," November 3, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 8 days Before General Election - Part II," November 3, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - January Semi-Annual," January 15, 2014 (Part I)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - January Semi-Annual," January 15, 2014 (Part II)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - January Semi-Annual," January 15, 2014 (Part III)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 30 Days Before Primary," February 3, 2014 (Part I)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 30 Days Before Primary," February 3, 2014 (Part II)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 8 Days Before Primary," February 24, 2014 (Part I)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 8 Days Before Primary," February 24, 2014 (Part II)
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - July SemiAnnual - Part I," August 27, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - July SemiAnnual - Part II," August 27, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - July SemiAnnual - Part III," August 27, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 30 Days Before General Election - Part I," October 15, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 30 Days Before General Election - Part II," October 15, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 8 days Before General Election - Part I," November 3, 2014
- ↑ Texas Ethics Commission, "Campaign Finance Report Totals - 8 days Before General Election - Part II," November 3, 2014
- ↑ Includes contributions to "Texans for Jeff Boyd" campaign group, as well as those to "Jeffrey S. Boyd"
- ↑ Washington Public Disclosure Commission, "Campaign finance database - Judicial, 2014," accessed December 17, 2014
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