Joseph Soloski
Joseph Soloski (Keystone Party of Pennsylvania) ran for election for Governor of Pennsylvania. He lost in the general election on November 8, 2022.
Soloski completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey in 2022. Click here to read the survey answers.
Biography
Joseph Soloski was born in Kittanning, Pennsylvania. Soloski earned a bachelor's degree in business administration from the Indiana University of Pennsylvania in 1979. His career experience includes working as a certified public accountant and owning an accounting practice.[1]
2022 battleground election
Pennsylvania Attorney General Josh Shapiro (D) defeated state Sen. Doug Mastriano (R) and three others in the general election for governor of Pennsylvania on November 8, 2022. Incumbent Tom Wolf (D) was term-limited.
Shapiro was elected as attorney general in 2016. He was the Montgomery County commissioner from 2011 to 2017 and served in the state House from 2005 to 2011. Shapiro's campaign focused on two key messages: his record as attorney general and his potential ability as governor to veto legislation the legislature's Republican majority passes. He said his experience in the criminal justice system and on cases related to LGBTQ issues, workers' issues, and election security were things he would continue to pursue as governor. Shapiro's campaign website said that he would veto certain legislation related to abortion and absentee/mail-in voting.[2]
Mastriano was elected as a state senator from the Cumberland Valley in 2018. He served in the United States Army from 1988 to 2017. Mastriano proposed a number of election policy changes, including eliminating no excuse absentee/mail-in voting and drop boxes, enacting universal voter identification, and prohibiting the use of private donations or grants for election administration. Following the Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, Mastriano called on the Legislature to pass a bill banning abortion after the detection of a fetal heartbeat.[3] Mastriano said he would rescind any remaining mask and vaccine mandates related to the coronavirus pandemic on his first day in office and work to pass a law banning similar future mandates.[4]
How the state conducted elections was one focus of each candidate's campaign. As of November 2022, the governor of Pennsylvania appointed a secretary of state charged with certifying election results, determining which voting machines the state uses, and ordering recounts and recanvasses of elections.[5] Shapiro said, "[I will] appoint a pro-democracy Secretary of State to run our elections, expand pre-registration opportunities for young people, and implement same-day voter registration through Election Day."[6] Mastriano's website said he would "Appoint a Secretary of State with experience in securing elections from fraud."[4]
Heading into the election, Pennsylvania had a divided government, with a Democratic governor and Republican majorities in both legislative chambers. Shapiro's win preserved this divided government, while a Mastriano win would have left open the possibility of a Republican trifecta. A trifecta occurs when one political party holds the governorship and a majority in both legislative chambers. Across the country, there were 23 Republican trifectas, 14 Democratic trifectas, and 13 divided governments at the time of the election.
Minor party, independent, and write-in candidates included Christina Digiulio (G), Joseph Soloski (Keystone Party of Pennsylvania), and Matt Hackenburg (L).
Each candidate had a running mate for lieutenant governor. Shapiro's running mate was state Rep. Austin Davis, and Mastriano's running mate was state Rep. Carrie DelRosso. Lt. Gov. John Fetterman (D) ran for U.S. Senate rather than seek re-election.
Elections
2022
See also: Pennsylvania gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial election, 2022
General election
General election for Governor of Pennsylvania
Josh Shapiro defeated Doug Mastriano, Matt Hackenburg, Christina Digiulio, and Joseph Soloski in the general election for Governor of Pennsylvania on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Josh Shapiro (D) | 56.5 | 3,031,137 | |
![]() | Doug Mastriano (R) | 41.7 | 2,238,477 | |
![]() | Matt Hackenburg (L) ![]() | 1.0 | 51,611 | |
![]() | Christina Digiulio (G) ![]() | 0.5 | 24,436 | |
![]() | Joseph Soloski (Keystone Party of Pennsylvania) ![]() | 0.4 | 20,518 |
Total votes: 5,366,179 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Eddie Wenrich (Independent)
- Christina Olson (Green Party of Pennsylvania)
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for Governor of Pennsylvania
Josh Shapiro advanced from the Democratic primary for Governor of Pennsylvania on May 17, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Josh Shapiro | 100.0 | 1,227,151 |
Total votes: 1,227,151 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Tega Swann (D)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for Governor of Pennsylvania
The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for Governor of Pennsylvania on May 17, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Doug Mastriano | 43.8 | 591,240 |
Lou Barletta | 20.3 | 273,252 | ||
![]() | Bill McSwain | 15.8 | 212,886 | |
![]() | David White | 9.6 | 129,058 | |
![]() | Melissa Hart | 4.1 | 54,752 | |
Joe Gale | 2.1 | 27,920 | ||
Jake Corman III (Unofficially withdrew) | 1.9 | 26,091 | ||
Charlie Gerow | 1.3 | 17,922 | ||
Nche Zama | 1.2 | 16,238 |
Total votes: 1,349,359 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Jason Monn (R)
- Guy Ciarrocchi (R)
- Scott Martin (R)
- Jason Richey (R)
- John Ventre (R)
Polls
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
Polls are conducted with a variety of methodologies and have margins of error or credibility intervals.[7] The Pew Research Center wrote, "A margin of error of plus or minus 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level means that if we fielded the same survey 100 times, we would expect the result to be within 3 percentage points of the true population value 95 of those times."[8] For tips on reading polls from FiveThirtyEight, click here. For tips from Pew, click here.
Below we provide results for polls that are included in polling aggregation from FiveThirtyEight and RealClearPolitics, when available. Click here to read about FiveThirtyEight's criteria for including polls in its aggregation. We only report polls for which we can find a margin of error or credibility interval.
Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 2022: General election polls | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poll | Date | ![]() |
![]() |
Undecided/Other | Margin of error | Sample size[9] | Sponsor[10] |
Research Co. | November 4-6, 2022 | 51% | 43% | — | ± 4.6 | 450 LV | K.A. |
InsiderAdvantage | November 3, 2022 | 51% | 43% | 8%[11] | ± 3.6 | 750 LV | FOX 29 |
Remington Research Group | November 1-2, 2022 | 52% | 40% | 7%[12] | ± 2.8 | 1,180 LV | K.A. |
Marist | October 31-2, 2022 | 54% | 40% | — | ± 3.8 | 1,152 LV | K.A. |
Beacon Research/Shaw & Company Research | October 26-30, 2022 | 53% | 37% | 10%[13] | ± 3.0 | 1,005 RV | Fox News |
Click [show] to see older poll results | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poll | Date | ![]() |
![]() |
Undecided/Other | Margin of error | Sample size[14] | Sponsor[15] |
Suffolk University | October 27-30, 2022 | 54% | 40% | — | ± 4.4 | 500 LV | USA Today |
co/efficient | October 26-28, 2022 | 51% | 41% | 8%[16] | ± 3.4 | 1,716 LV | K.A. |
Muhlenberg College | October 24-28, 2022 | 54% | 40% | 6%[17] | ± 6.0 | 460 LV | The Morning Call |
Wick Insights | October 26-27, 2022 | 49% | 43% | 8%[18] | ± 3.2 | 1,000 LV | K.A. |
Insider Advantage | October 26, 2022 | 50% | 42% | 8%[19] | ± 3.6 | 750 LV | K.A. |
YouGov | October 21-24, 2022 | 54% | 45% | — | ± 4.4 | 1,084 LV | CBS News |
Siena College | October 24-26, 2022 | 53% | 40% | 7% | ± 4.4 | 620 LV | The New York Times |
Franklin & Marshall College | October 14-23, 2022 | 58% | 36% | — | ± 6.8 | 384 LV | K.A. |
Rasmussen Reports/Pulse Opinion Research | October 19-20, 2022 | 43% | 40% | 16%[20] | ± 3.0 | 972 LV | K.A. |
Echelon Insights | October 18-20, 2022 | 50% | 38% | 3%[21] | ± 4.8 | 500 LV | K.A. |
InsiderAdvantage | October 19, 2022 | 49% | 42% | 9%[22] | ± 4.2 | 550 LV | WTXF-TV |
SSRS | October 13-17, 2022 | 56% | 41% | — | ± 4.1 | 901 RV | CNN |
Wick Insights | October 8-14, 2022 | 49% | 46% | 5%[23] | ± 3.1 | 1,013 LV | K.A. |
Fabrizio/Impact Research | October 4-12, 2022 | 53% | 42% | — | ± 4.4 | 1,400 LV | AARP |
Trafalgar Group | October 8-11, 2022 | 53% | 44% | 8%[24] | ± 2.9 | 1,078 LV | The Daily Wire |
Monmouth University | September 29-October 3, 2022 | 54% | 38% | — | ± 4.8 | 610 RV | K.A. |
Suffolk University | September 27-30, 2022 | 48% | 37% | — | ± 4.4 | 500 LV | USA Today |
Emerson College | September 23-26, 2022 | 51% | 41% | 9%[25] | ± 3.0 | 1,000 LV | K.A. |
Beacon Research/Shaw & Company Research | September 22-26, 2022 | 51% | 40% | 10%[26] | ± 3.0 | 1,008 RV | Fox News |
Franklin & Marshall | September 19-25, 2022 | 51% | 37% | 12%[27] | ± 5.6 | 517 RV | K.A. |
InsiderAdvantage | September 23-24, 2022 | 52% | 37% | 11%[28] | ± 4.2 | 550 LV | WTXF-TV |
Marist College | September 19-22, 2022 | 53% | 40% | 6% | ± 3.5 | 1,242 RV | K.A. |
Phillips Academy | September 19-22, 2022 | 46% | 43% | 12% | ± 3.6 | 759 RV | Abbot Academy Fund |
Muhlenberg College | September 13-16, 2022 | 53% | 42% | 4%[29] | ± 6.0 | 420 LV | The Morning Call |
Trafalgar Group | September 13-15, 2022 | 47% | 45% | 8%[30] | ± 2.9 | 1,078 LV | K.A. |
YouGov | September 6-12, 2022 | 55% | 44% | 1% | ± 3.8 | 1,194 LV | CBS News |
Echelon Insights | August 31-September 7, 2022 | 55% | 36% | 8% | ± 4.1 | 828 RV | NetChoice |
RABA Research | August 31-September 3, 2022 | 47% | 41% | 13%[31] | ± 3.8 | 679 LV | K.A. |
Emerson College | August 22-23, 2022 | 47% | 44% | 9%[32] | ± 3.0 | 1,034 LV | K.A. |
Franklin & Marshall | August 15-21, 2022 | 44% | 33% | 24%[33] | ± 5.3 | 522 RV | K.A. |
Trafalgar Group | August 15-18, 2022 | 49% | 45% | 7%[34] | ± 2.9 | 1,096 LV | K.A. |
Public Opinion Strategies | August 7-10, 2022 | 50% | 35% | 15% | ± 4.0 | 600 RV | Pittsburgh Works Together |
Beacon Research/Shaw & Company Research | July 22-26, 2022 | 50% | 40% | — | ± 3.0 | 908 LV | Fox News |
Blueprint Polling | July 19-21, 2022 | 51% | 39% | — | ± 3.7 | 712 LV | K.A. |
Cignal | June 17-19, 2022 | 48% | 45% | 7%[35] | ± 4.2 | 535 LV | K.A. |
Fabrizio/Impact Research | June 12-19, 2022 | 49% | 46% | — | ± 4.4 | 1,382 LV | AARP |
Suffolk University | June 10-13, 2022 | 44% | 40% | — | ± 4.4 | 500 LV | USA Today |
The chart below shows RealClearPolitics polling averages in this race over time.
Campaign finance
General election
Republican primary
Satellite spending
- See also: Satellite spending
Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[36][37][38]
If available, this section includes links to online resources tracking satellite spending in this election. To notify us of a resource to add, email us.
The Pennsylvania Secretary of State provides a list of all independent expenditure filings in the state. To view filings for this race, click here.
Spending news
- October 4, 2022: The Philadelphia Inquirer reported that Everytown for Gun Safety launched a $2.1 million ad campaign opposing Mastriano and U.S. Senate candidate Mehmet Oz (R).[39]
- September 30, 2022: The Philadelphia Inquirer reported that Commonwealth Leaders Fund suspended its ads opposing Shapiro with $3.2 million remaining on its reservation.[40]
- August 31, 2022: Conservation Voters of Pennsylvania Victory Fund and Natural Resource Defense Council Action Votes jointly purchased a $500,000 ad buy opposing Mastriano.[41]
Endorsements
Click the links below to see endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites, if available. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us.
This section lists noteworthy endorsements issued in this election, including those made by high-profile individuals and organizations, cross-party endorsements, and endorsements made by newspaper editorial boards. Please note that this list is not exhaustive. If you are aware of endorsements that should be included, please email us.
Noteworthy endorsements | ||
---|---|---|
Endorser | ![]() | ![]() |
Government officials | ||
President Joe Biden (D) source | ✔ | |
Vice President Kamala D. Harris (D) source | ✔ | |
Gov. Tom Wolf (D) source | ✔ | |
Individuals | ||
Frmr. U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff source | ✔ | |
Frmr. state Rep. Mario Civera, Jr. source | ✔ | |
Frmr. U.S. Rep. Charles W. Dent source | ✔ | |
Frmr. U.S. Rep. Jim Greenwood source | ✔ | |
Frmr. Pres. Barack Obama source | ✔ | |
Frmr. state Rep. Dennis O'Brien source | ✔ | |
Frmr. Gov. Ed Rendell source | ✔ | |
Frmr. Pres. Donald Trump source | ✔ | |
Newspapers and editorials | ||
The Philadelphia Inquirer source | ✔ | |
Organizations | ||
Boilermakers Local 154 source | ✔ | |
Pennsylvania State Troopers Association source | ✔ | |
Philadelphia Firefighters’ and Paramedics’ Union Local 22 source | ✔ | |
Philadelphia Fraternal Order of Police source | ✔ |
Campaign finance
2020
See also: Pennsylvania Treasurer election, 2020
General election
General election for Pennsylvania Treasurer
Stacy Garrity defeated incumbent Joseph Torsella, Joseph Soloski, and Timothy Runkle in the general election for Pennsylvania Treasurer on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Stacy Garrity (R) | 48.7 | 3,291,877 |
![]() | Joseph Torsella (D) | 47.9 | 3,239,331 | |
![]() | Joseph Soloski (L) | 2.2 | 148,614 | |
![]() | Timothy Runkle (G) ![]() | 1.2 | 81,984 |
Total votes: 6,761,806 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for Pennsylvania Treasurer
Incumbent Joseph Torsella advanced from the Democratic primary for Pennsylvania Treasurer on June 2, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Joseph Torsella | 100.0 | 1,381,763 |
Total votes: 1,381,763 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Republican primary election
Republican primary for Pennsylvania Treasurer
Stacy Garrity advanced from the Republican primary for Pennsylvania Treasurer on June 2, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Stacy Garrity | 100.0 | 1,047,510 |
Total votes: 1,047,510 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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2018
General election
General election for Pennsylvania House of Representatives District 81
Incumbent Richard Irvin defeated Richard Rogers Sr. and Joseph Soloski in the general election for Pennsylvania House of Representatives District 81 on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Richard Irvin (R) | 62.5 | 15,579 |
![]() | Richard Rogers Sr. (D) | 34.6 | 8,619 | |
![]() | Joseph Soloski (L) | 2.9 | 721 |
Total votes: 24,919 | ||||
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Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for Pennsylvania House of Representatives District 81
Richard Rogers Sr. advanced from the Democratic primary for Pennsylvania House of Representatives District 81 on May 15, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Richard Rogers Sr. | 100.0 | 2,562 |
Total votes: 2,562 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Republican primary election
Republican primary for Pennsylvania House of Representatives District 81
Incumbent Richard Irvin advanced from the Republican primary for Pennsylvania House of Representatives District 81 on May 15, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Richard Irvin | 100.0 | 5,352 |
Total votes: 5,352 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Campaign themes
2022
Ballotpedia survey responses
See also: Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection
Joseph Soloski completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey in 2022. The survey questions appear in bold and are followed by Soloski's responses. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
Collapse all
|I am a retired Certified Public Accountant, running for Governor of Pennsylvania. My website is joesoloski.com, which illustrates all of the primary issues that I am showcasing in my campaign. As the Keystone Party candidate for Governor, I am all about government reform, which is desperately needed.
- I want to cut the Pennsylvania state budget by at least 5% per year. Our operating budget has more than doubled in the 20 years since 2002, rising from $20 billion per year to $42 billion per year. I will be leading from the top, by slashing my own salary as Governor from its current level of $205,000 per year to $70,000. This will make Pennsylvania having the lowest paid Governor in the nation. I want to see our Legislators' salaries slashed, a gift ban codified into law, and Ranked-Choice voting implemented.
- I want to Pennsylvania become a tax haven. Business-friendly states don't have income taxes, so I will be leading the charge to eliminate the Personal Income Tax and the Corporate Net Income Tax. I also consider the Inheritance Tax to be immoral, as dying should give rise to a taxable event. I will be seeking the repeal of the Inheritance Tax.
- We need to expand nuclear energy production in Pennsylvania. Nuclear energy is clean, efficient, cost-effective, and safe.
Reforming government, cutting the state budget, slashing taxation, eliminating unnecessary regulation, turning our Legislature into a part-time body, slashing the pay of our Legislators, implementing a gift ban for all elected officials, implementing Ranked-Choice voting, ending government prohibitions.
Jesus. He is my Lord and Savior and he was the greatest person to ever walk the Earth. I also love and admire my father, Edward L. Soloski, who was an amazing Dad and mentor for much of my life.
The principles of the smallest, most effective government. One that is laced with integrity and is always accountable to Pennsylvania residents. Honesty, integrity, accountability, and transparency are the characteristics that I feel are most important for any elected official.
Honesty, integrity, reliability, and perserverance.
All state departments are accountable to the Office of the Governor. All of those offices must operate under the principles of honesty, integrity, accountability, and transparency. There is no room for scandal and mismanagement. Impropriety, and even the appearance of impropriety, must be fought and avoided at all turns.I want all department to be run as efficiently and effectively as can be possible.
I would like to be the Governor that got the Pennsylvania budget back into sanity while I am in office. I want to see necessary spending cuts made. I want to slash taxation, implement a gift (bribe) ban for all elected officials. I want to have the legacy of Pennsylvania becoming a nuclear energy powerhouse in our nation.
The assassination of President John F. Kennedy. I was six years old and in the first grade at that time.
Caddy and clerk at the Kittanning Country Club when I was 14. I had that job for two years.
There are many, but I will mention "The 5000 Year Leap" by W. Cleon Skousen. It is history. It is about our Founding Fathers and their vision for our great nation.
I have also enjoyed reading David McCullough. I would be remiss if I did not mention The Bible.
'I Cheat the Hangman' by the Doobie Brothers.
I means that I have to respect the will of the people, regardless of how I advocate specific policies. I, personally, want to see major government reforms happen that make Pennsylvania government more accountable and transparent. I want to accomplish this by cutting state spending and taxation.
As I said in my previous respond, honoring the will of the people of Pennsylvania. As the Chief Executive, every state department runs under my watchful eye. I will be making sure that each of them are being managed in the most efficient way possible while achieving all of their responsibilities.
For me, I will be forwarding a proposed budget to our State Legislature every year, well before the June 30th deadline for its approval. If the Legislature does not implement a budget bill that includes the overall cuts that I am requesting, I will veto the bills that they forward to me until they get it right.
If the line items are not in agreement with my goals, and I also see that they are not in line with the desires of a majority of Pennsylvanians, then I will veto those line items until the Legislature forwards a revised bill to me.
The line-item veto is an efficient and powerful mechanism. It promotes efficiency in the budget approval process. I am an advocate of the line-item veto.
One of accountability, challenge, and a desire to work together to meet a desired end goal.
Pennsylvania is where I have lived for my entire life. Our state has rich history, beautiful vistas, and thriving commerce. I believe that our commerce could be greatly improved upon, but our businesses have succeeded, in spite of government overreach. I hold great affection and sentimentality for Pennsylvania.
Reigning in runaway government spending is the main challenge. Pennsylvania doesn't have a revenue problem; it's got a spending problem. Our government is always looking for higher taxes and new revenue streams and never looks itself in the mirror and attempts to cut it bloated spending. The Pennsylvania budget needs to be attacked and I am the only candidate talking about tackling the achievable challenge.
How inappropriate can I be? :D
Emergency powers should only be utilized for a period not to exceed 21 days. If, as Governor, I wanted to see those emergency powers extended, I would have to seek Legislative concurrence to accomplish that. Situations like natural disasters warrant Executive powers to assists the needs of communities.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
2020
Joseph Soloski did not complete Ballotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection survey.
See also
2022 Elections
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Information submitted to Ballotpedia through the Candidate Connection survey on October 4, 2022
- ↑ Josh Shapiro's 2022 campaign website, "Policy," accessed August 4, 2022
- ↑ Senator Mastriano, "Mastriano Provides Statement on the Impending Overturn of Roe v. Wade," May 3, 2022
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Doug Mastriano's 2022 campaign website, "The Plan," accessed August 4, 2022
- ↑ Casetext, "25 Pa. Stat. § 2621," accessed August 8, 2022
- ↑ Josh Shapiro's 2022 campaign website, "Voting Rights," accessed August 4, 2022
- ↑ For more information on the difference between margins of error and credibility intervals, see explanations from the American Association for Public Opinion Research and Ipsos.
- ↑ Pew Research Center, "5 key things to know about the margin of error in election polls," September 8, 2016
- ↑ RV=Registered Voters
LV=Likely Voters - ↑ The sponsor is the person or group that funded all or part of the poll.
- ↑ Reported as "Someone else/Undecided/No opinion" (4%) and "Matt Hackenburg" (2%).
- ↑ Included results for "Undecided" (4%), "Matt Hackenburg" (2%), and "Christian Digiulio" (1%).
- ↑ Included results for "Don't know" (6%), "Wouldn't vote" (2%), and "Other" (2%).
- ↑ RV=Registered Voters
LV=Likely Voters - ↑ The sponsor is the person or group that funded all or part of the poll.
- ↑ Reported as "Undecided" (4%) and "Someone else" (4%).
- ↑ Reported as "Not Sure" (4%) and "Neither/Other" (2%).
- ↑ Reported as "Undecided" (6%) and "Someone else" (2%).
- ↑ Reported as "Matt Hackenburg" (4%) and "Someone else/Undecided/No opinion" (4%).
- ↑ Reported as "Undecided (10%)" and "Some other candidate" (6%).
- ↑ Included results for "Digiulio" (1%), "Hackenburg" (1%), and "Soloski" (1%).
- ↑ Included results for "Undecided" (6%), "Hackenburg" (2%), and "Someone else" (1%).
- ↑ Reported as "Undecided" (3%) and "Someone else" (2%).
- ↑ Includes the results for "Undecided" (4%), "Gerhardt (L)" (3%), and "Other" (1%).
- ↑ Included results for "Someone else" (2%) and "Undecided" (7%).
- ↑ Included results for "Other" (2%), "Wouldn't vote" (3%), and "Don't know" (5%).
- ↑ Included results for "Some other candidate" (4%) and "Do not know" (8%).
- ↑ Included results for "Hackenburg" (3.4%), "Someone else" (1.1%), and "Undecided/No Opinion" (6.5%).
- ↑ Included results for "Not Sure" (3%) and "Neither/Other" (1%).
- ↑ Included results for "Hackenburg" (2.8%), "Undecided" (2.8%), and "Other" (1.5%).
- ↑ Included results for "Undecided" (9%) and "Someone else" (4%).
- ↑ Included results for "Undecided" (6%) and "Someone else" (3%).
- ↑ Included results for "Aren't sure" (19%), "Hackenburg" (2%), "DiGiulio" (1%), "Other" (1%), and "Not going to vote" (1%).
- ↑ Included results for "Undecided" (4.8%), "Hackenburg" (1.1%), and "Other" (0.8%).
- ↑ Reported as "Unsure."
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed December 12, 2021
- ↑ National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," December 12, 2021
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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