herd

See also: Herd

Englisch

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /hɜːd/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /hɚd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)d
• Homophone: heard

A herd of sheep.

Etymology 1

From Middle English herde, heerde, heorde, from Old English hierd, heord (“herd, flock; keeping, care, custody”), from Proto-West Germanic *herdu, from Proto-Germanic *herdō (“herd”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerdʰ- (“file, row, herd”). Cognate with German Herde, Danish hjord, Swedish hjord. Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian herdhe (“nest”) and Serbo-Croatian krdo.

Nomen

herd (plural herds)

1. A number of domestic animals assembled together under the watch or ownership of a keeper. [from 11th c.]

   a herd of cattle

   a herd of sheep

   a herd of goats

   • 1768, Thomas Gray, Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard:

     The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the lea.

2. Any collection of animals gathered or travelling in a company. [from 13th c.]
   • 2007 March, J. Michael Fay, “Ivory Wars: Last Stand in Zakouma”, in National Geographic, section 47:

     Zakouma is the last place on Earth where you can see more than a thousand elephants on the move in a single, compact herd.

3. (now usually derogatory) A crowd, a mass of people or things; a rabble. [from 15th c.]
   • 1681, [John Dryden], Absalom and Achitophel. A Poem. […], 3rd edition, London: […] J[acob] T[onson] and are to be sold by W. Davis […], published 1682, →OCLC, page 15:

     But far more numerous was the Herd of ſuch, / Who think too little, and who talk too much.

   • 1833 June 8, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Table Talk:

     You can never interest the common herd in the abstract question.

   • 2001, Jonathan Franzen, The Corrections:

     There were herds of leather sofas and enough computers to ensure that no prospective matriculant or visiting parent could enter a room and not see at least one available keyboard, not even in the dining hall or field house.

Hyponyms

• (group of elephants): parade

Derived terms

• bot herd
• herd behaviour
• herd boar
• herd cats
• herd immunity
• herd instinct
• herdlike
• herd mentality
• herd path
• put the herd on someone
• share herd
• share-herd
• thin the herd
• thundering herd problem

 

Translations

a number of domestic animals assembled together under the watch or ownership of a keeper

• Albanian: tufë (sq) f, grigjë (sq) f
• Arabic: قَطِيع m (qaṭīʕ)

  Egyptian Arabic: قطيع m (ʔaṭīʕ)

• Armenian: երամակ (hy) (eramak) (horses), հոտ (hy) (hot)
• Azerbaijani: sürü (az)
• Bashkir: көтөү (kötöw)
• Basque: multzo
• Belarusian: ста́да n (stáda), чарада́ f (čaradá), ста́так m (státak), ста́дак m (stádak)
• Bulgarian: ста́до (bg) n (stádo), черда́ f (čerdá) (dialectal), чарда́ f (čardá) (dialectal)
• Catalan: ramat (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 群 (zh) (qún)

• Czech: stádo (cs) n
• Danish: hjord c
• Dutch: kudde (nl) f
• Egyptian: (jdr)
• Esperanto: (samspecaj bestoj): grego (eo), brutaro, paŝtataro
• Estonian: kari (et)
• Finnish: lauma (fi)
• French: troupeau (fr) m
• Galician: rabaño (gl) m, veceira (gl) f
• Georgian: ჯოგი (ǯogi)
• German: Herde (de) f
• Gothic: 𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 m (wriþus)
• Greek: κοπάδι (el) n (kopádi)

  Ancient: ἀγέλη f (agélē)

• Haitian Creole: troupo, bann bèt
• Hebrew: עֵדֶר (he) m ('éder)
• Hungarian: csorda (hu)
• Irish: tréad
• Italian: mandria (it) f, armento (it) m
• Japanese: 群れ (ja) (むれ, mure)
• Kazakh: табын (tabyn)
• Khmer: ហ្វូង (km) (voung), និករ (km) (nikɑɑ), ផូង (km) (phoung), ពពួក (km) (pɔpuək)
• Korean: 무리 (ko) (muri), 떼 (ko) (tte), 군(群) (ko) (gun)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: naxir (ku), kerî (ku) m, celeb (ku) m

• Kyrgyz: үйүр (ky) (üyür)
• Lao: ຝູງ (fūng)
• Latin: grex (la) m, agmen (la) n
• Latvian: ganāmpulks m
• Macedonian: ста́до n (stádo)
• Manchu: ᠠᡩᡠᠨ (adun)
• Maore Comorian: ɓangwe class 5/6
• Maori: kāhui, māpu, rāngai, rāhui, whakataka, kāhui, rāhui, rāngai
• Middle English: herde
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: сүрэг (mn) (süreg)

• Ngazidja Comorian: ndzizi class 5/6
• Norman: fliotchet m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: hjord (no) m

• Occitan: ramat (oc) m
• Old Church Slavonic:

  Cyrillic: стадо n (stado), чрѣда f (črěda)

  Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⰰⰴⱁ n (stado)

• Old East Slavic: стадо n (stado), череда f (čereda)
• Ossetian: дзуг (ʒug)
• Ottoman Turkish: خرگله (hergele) (of wild equids)
• Persian: گله (fa) (gale), رمه (fa) (rame)
• Plautdietsch: Häad f
• Polish: stado (pl) n, trzoda (pl) f
• Portuguese: rebanho (pt) m
• Romanian: cireadă (ro) f, cârd (ro) n, ciopor (ro) n, turmă (ro) f
• Russian: ста́до (ru) n (stádo), табу́н (ru) m (tabún) (horses)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ста̏до n, чре́до f, чре́да f (obsolete)

  Roman: stȁdo (sh) n, črédo (sh) f, čréda f (obsolete)

• Slovak: stádo n, črieda f
• Slovene: čreda (sl) f, stado n (dated)
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: stadło n

  Upper Sorbian: stadło n

• Spanish: rebaño (es) m
• Swahili: kundi (sw) class 5/6
• Swedish: hjord (sv) c
• Tajik: гала (gala), рама (rama), пода (poda)
• Tatar: көтү (tt) (kötü)
• Thai: ฝูง (th) (fǔung)
• Turkish: sürü (tr)
• Ukrainian: ста́до n (stádo), череда́ f (čeredá), ота́ра f (otára), ту́рма f (túrma)
• Uyghur: پادا (pada)
• Uzbek: poda (uz)
• Vietnamese: đàn (vi), bầy (vi)
• Yiddish: טשערעדע f (tsherede)

cattle assembled together under the watch or ownership of a keeper

• Armenian: նախիր (hy) (naxir)
• Azerbaijani: naxır
• Bashkir: көтөү (kötöw)
• Budukh: нехи́р (nexı̇́r)
• Esperanto: bovaro
• Finnish: lauma (fi)
• Georgian: ნახირი (naxiri)
• Hungarian: gulya (hu)
• Khinalug: нихе́р (niχér)
• Lezgi: нехи́р (neχír)
• Middle English: herde
• Tsakhur: нехир (neχir)
• Volapük: bupajep

horses assembled together under the watch or ownership of a keeper

• Esperanto: ĉevalaro
• German: Pferdeherde (de) f
• Hungarian: ménes (hu)
• Mongolian: агт (mn) (agt)

pigs assembled together under the watch or ownership of a keeper

• Armenian: բոլուկ (hy) (boluk)
• Esperanto: porkaro
• Finnish: lauma (fi)
• Hungarian: konda (hu)
• Middle English: herde
• Portuguese: vara (pt) f

sheep assembled together under the watch or ownership of a keeper

• Armenian: հոտ (hy) (hot)
• Bashkir: көтөү (kötöw)
• Esperanto: šafaro
• Finnish: katras (fi), lauma (fi)
• Hungarian: nyáj (hu)
• Italian: gregge (it) m
• Middle English: herde
• Volapük: jipajep

any collection of animals gathered or travelling in a company

• Albanian: tufë (sq) f, kope (sq) f, grigjë (sq) f
• Amharic: መንጋ (mänga)
• Arabic: قَطِيع m (qaṭīʕ)
• Armenian: երամակ (hy) (eramak) (horses)
• Azerbaijani: sürü (az)
• Bashkir: көтөү (kötöw), өйөр (öyör)
• Basque: please add this translation if you can
• Belarusian: ста́так m (státak), чарада́ f (čaradá), гурт m (hurt), ста́да n (stáda), табу́н m (tabún)
• Bengali: পশুপালক (bn) (pośupalok), গোকুল (bn) (gōkul)
• Bulgarian: ста́до (bg) n (stádo), (horses) табу́н (bg) m (tabún)
• Burmese: သိုးအုပ် (my) (sui:up)
• Catalan: ramat (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 獸群／兽群 (shòuqún), 群 (zh) (qún)

• Coptic: ⲁⲅⲉⲗⲏ (agelē)
• Czech: stádo (cs) n
• Danish: hjord c, flok (da) c
• Dutch: kudde (nl) f
• Egyptian: (jdr)
• Esperanto: aro, bestaro
• Estonian: kari (et), parv (wild; numerous; winged)
• Finnish: lauma (fi)
• French: troupeau (fr)
• Galician: grea (gl) f, fato (gl) m, manda (gl) f
• Gallurese: armentu
• Georgian: ჯოგი (ǯogi)
• German: Herde (de) f
• Greek: (domestic:) κοπάδι (el) n (kopádi), (wild:) αγέλη (el) f (agéli)

  Ancient: ἀγέλη f (agélē)

• Hebrew: (domestic:) עֵדֶר (he) m ('éder), (wild:) לַהֲקָה (he) f (lahaká)
• Hindi: झुंड (hi) m (jhuṇḍ), गल्ला (hi) m (gallā)
• Hungarian: csorda (hu)
• Icelandic: hjörð (is) f, (horses) stóð n
• Indonesian: kawanan (id)
• Italian: mandria (it), branco (it), armento (it) m, masseria (it)
• Japanese: 群れ (ja) (むれ, mure), 群 (ja) (ぐん, gun)
• Kazakh: табын (tabyn)
• Khmer: ផូង (km) (phoung), ពពួក (km) (pɔpuək), ហ្វូង (km) (voung)
• Korean: 군중 (ko) (gunjung), 무리 (ko) (muri)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: please add this translation if you can

• Kyrgyz: үйүр (ky) (üyür)
• Lao: ຝູງ (fūng), ຫມູ່ (mū), ຍູຖະ (nyū tha)
• Latin: armentum n, grex (la) m, agmen (la) n
• Latvian: ganāmpulks m
• Lithuanian: kaimenė f
• Luxembourgish: Häerd f
• Macedonian: ста́до n (stádo)
• Malay: kawanan (ms), sekawanan
• Maori: whakataka, kāhui, rāhui, rāngai
• Middle English: herde
• Mongolian: сүрэг (mn) (süreg)
• Norman: fliotchet m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: flokk (no) m, bøling (no) m

• Old English: heord f
• Pashto: رمه (ps) f (ramá)
• Persian: رمه (fa) (rame), گله (fa) (galle), فسیله (fa) (fasile)
• Polish: stado (pl) n
• Portuguese: manada (pt) f
• Romanian: turmă (ro), cârd (ro)
• Russian: ста́до (ru) n (stádo), гурт (ru) m (gurt), (horses) табу́н (ru) m (tabún)
• Rutul: нехир
• Sardinian:

  Campidanese: masoni

  Logudorese: armentu, gama, masòne

• Sassarese: masoni
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: стадо n, крдо n

  Roman: stado (sh) n, krdo (sh) n

• Slovak: stádo n
• Slovene: čreda (sl)
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: stadło n

• Spanish: hato (es) m, rebaño (es) m, manada (es) f
• Swedish: hjord (sv) c
• Tajik: рама (rama), гала (gala), пода (poda)
• Tatar: көтү (tt) (kötü)
• Thai: หมู่ (th) (mùu), ฝูง (th) (fǔung)
• Tibetan: ཁྱུ (khyu)
• Turkish: sürü (tr)
• Turkmen: süri
• Tuvan: кодан (kodan), сүрүг (sürüg)
• Ukrainian: ста́до n (stádo), череда́ f (čeredá), гурт m (hurt), (horses) табу́н m (tabún)
• Urdu: گله m (galla)
• Uyghur: پادا (pada)
• Uzbek: poda (uz), gala (uz)
• Vietnamese: bầy (vi), đàn (vi)
• Volapük: jep (vo), (in the Alps) lalpajep
• Yiddish: סטאַדע (stade)

a crowd, a mass of people; now usually pejorative

• Arabic: قَطِيع m (qaṭīʕ)
• Armenian: ամբոխ (hy) (ambox)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 群眾／群众 (zh) (qúnzhòng)

• Czech: stádo (cs) n
• Danish: hob c
• Esperanto: grego (eo)
• Finnish: lauma (fi), väkijoukko (fi)
• Hebrew: אֲסַפְסוּף (he) m (asafsúf)
• Hungarian: csorda (hu)
• Italian: masnada (it) f, accozzaglia (it) f, accolita f, cricca (it) f, ciurma (it) f
• Japanese: 群衆 (ja) (ぐんしゅう, gunshū)
• Macedonian: то́лпа f (tólpa)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: horde (no) m, flokk (no) m, bøling (no) m

• Polish: stado (pl) n
• Portuguese: súcia (pt) f, cambada (pt) f, canalha (pt) f, malta (pt) f, corja (pt) f, choldra (pt) f, ralé (pt) f, gentalha (pt) f, populacho (pt) m, patuleia (pt) f, povinho m, plebe (pt) f, vulgo (pt) m, bas fond m, escória (pt) f
• Russian: ста́до (ru) n (stádo), толпа́ (ru) f (tolpá), табу́н (ru) m (tabún)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: стадо n

  Roman: stado (sh) n

• Slovene: čreda (sl) f
• Spanish: rebaño (es) m
• Swedish: hop (sv) c, massa (sv) c

Verb

herd (third-person singular simple present herds, present participle herding, simple past and past participle herded)

1. (intransitive) To unite or associate in a herd; to feed or run together, or in company.

   Sheep herd on many hills.

   • 1953, Janice Holt Giles, The Kentuckians:

     The women bunched up in little droves and let their tongues clack, and the men herded together and passed a jug around and, to tell the truth, let their tongues clack too.

   • 1983, Richard Ellis, The Book of Sharks, Knopf, →ISBN, page 167:

     Any predator that preys on animals that herd or school, has to be able to single out one individual to attack.

2. (transitive) To unite or associate in a herd
3. (transitive) To manage, care for or guard a herd

   He is employed to herd the goats.

4. (intransitive) To associate; to ally oneself with, or place oneself among, a group or company.
   • 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act III, scene i, pages 39–40:

     I’ll herd among his Friends, and ſeem
     One of the Number, […]

   • 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

     "[W]hy, I say, oh stranger, dost thou think that I herd here with barbarians lower than the beasts?"

5. To move, or be moved, in a group. (of both animals and people)

   On alighting at the station, we were all herded over the footbridge and through a side exit.

Derived terms

• herd together

Translations

intr: to unite or associate in a herd

• Arabic: رَعَى (raʕā)
• Esperanto: paŝti
• Finnish: kokoontua (fi), laumautua
• French: rassembler (fr)
• German: hüten (de)
• Italian: radunare (it)
• Macedonian: у́шка (úška) (usually a donkey)
• Maori: whiu
• Portuguese: arrebanhar-se
• Spanish: conducir (es)
• Swedish: valla (sv)
• Tocharian B: kraup-
• Vietnamese: dồn (vi)

tr: to unite or associate in a herd

• Finnish: koota yhteen, paimentaa (fi)
• Latin: gregō

tr: to manage, care for or guard a herd

• Finnish: paimentaa (fi)
• Macedonian: чу́ва (čúva), па́се (páse)
• Turkish: gütmek (tr)

intr: to associate

• Finnish: liittyä (fi)
• Italian: unirsi (it)
• Portuguese: arrebanhar-se
• Swedish: samla (sv)

Etymology 2

From Middle English herde, from Old English hirde, hierde, from Proto-West Germanic *hirdī, from Proto-Germanic *hirdijaz. Cognate with German Hirte, Swedish herde, Danish hyrde.

Nomen

herd (plural herds)

1. (now rare) Someone who keeps a group of domestic animals.

   Synonyms: herder, herdsman

   • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

     John Dodds, the herd who bode in the place, was standing at the door, and he looked to see who was on the road so late.

   • 2000, Alasdair Grey, The Book of Prefaces, Bloomsbury, published 2002, page 38:

     Any talent which gives a good new thing to others is a miracle, but commentators have thought it extra miraculous that England's first known poet was an illiterate herd.

Derived terms

terms derived from herd (person who tends a herd)

• bearherd
• cowherd
• goatherd
• gooseherd
• Hird
• hogherd
• horseherd
• Hurd
• neatherd
• oxherd
• pigherd
• swanherd
• swineherd
• VAXherd

Related terms

terms related to herd (person who tends a herd)

• cowherd
• goatherd
• gosherd
• hogsherd
• horseherd
• neatherd
• shepherd
• swineherd

Translations

herdsman

• Arabic: رَاعٍ (rāʕin)
• Armenian: հովիվ (hy) (hoviv)
• Bulgarian: пастир (bg) m (pastir)
• Danish: hyrde c
• Dutch: herder (nl) m
• Finnish: paimen (fi)
• German: Hirt (de) m, Hirte (de) m
• Hebrew: רוֹעֶה (he) m (ro'é)
• Hungarian: pásztor (hu)
• Icelandic: hirðir (is) m
• Latvian: gans
• Macedonian: па́стир m (pástir)
• Middle English: herde, herdeman
• Polish: pasterz (pl) m
• Portuguese: arrebanhador m, pastor (pt) m
• Spanish: pastor (es) m, rebañador (es) m
• Swedish: herde (sv) c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Albanian: ^{(please verify)} kope (sq) f pl
• Basque: ^{(please verify)} saldo
• Romanian: ^{(please verify)} turmă (ro) f, ^{(please verify)} cireadă (ro) f, ^{(please verify)} cârd (ro) n
• Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} stado (sh) n, ^{(please verify)} krdo (sh) n
• Slovak: ^{(please verify)} stádo n, ^{(please verify)} črieda f
• Spanish: ^{(please verify)} hato (es) m, ^{(please verify)} manada (es) f, ^{(please verify)} rebaño (es) m

Verb

herd (third-person singular simple present herds, present participle herding, simple past and past participle herded)

1. (intransitive, Scotland) To act as a herdsman or a shepherd.
2. (transitive) To form or put into a herd.
3. (transitive) To move or drive a herd.

   I heard the herd of cattle being herded home from a long way away.

Translations

to act as a herdsman

• Arabic: رَعَى (raʕā)
• Finnish: paimentaa (fi)
• Italian: imbrancare
• Latvian: ganīt (lv)
• Mongolian: маллах (mn) (mallax)
• Portuguese: pastorear (pt)
• Russian: пасти (ru) (pasti)
• Spanish: pastorear (es)
• Swedish: valla (sv)

to form or put into a herd

• Arabic: رَعَى (raʕā)
• Finnish: paimentaa (fi)
• Portuguese: arrebanhar (pt)
• Swedish: samla (sv)
• Tuvan: кадарар (kadarar)

See also

• Appendix:English collective nouns
• drove
• gather
• muster
• round up
• ride herd on

Middle English

Etymology 1

Nomen

herd

1. Alternative form of herde (“herd”)

Etymology 2

Nomen

herd

1. Alternative form of herde (“herder”)

Etymology 3

Nomen

herd

1. Alternative form of hird (“household”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

herd

1. imperative of herde

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse herðr.

Alternative forms

• hær, hør

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hæːr/

Nomen

herd f (definite singular herda, indefinite plural herdar or herder, definite plural herdane or herdene)

1. shoulder

   Synonyms: skulder, aksel

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• herda

Participle

herd (neuter herdt, definite singular and plural herde)

1. past participle of herde

References

• “herd” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• Ivar Aasen (1850) “Hær”, in Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog‎^[1] (in Danish), Oslo: Samlaget, published 2000

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *herþ.

Nomen

herd m

1. hearth

Descendants

• Middle High German: hert
  • Cimbrian: hèart
  • German: Herd
  • Luxembourgish: Häerd