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A greenhouse or polyhouse can be defined as a house or a structure made of transparent material like

glass or polyethylene wherein plants are grown under well-controlled climatic conditions. The size of
structure varies from small sheds to industry-sized buildings according to the purpose. Primarily, a
greenhouse is a glass house whose interiors grow warmer when exposed to sunlight as the house blocks
the greenhouse gas to exit. Therefore, while it may be cold outside the temperature is survival friendly and
warm for the plants growing inside. Some greenhouses using high-end technology have installed
equipment like heating and cooling system, lighting, screening installations and even computerized facilities
to provide optimal growth conditions for the plants. This is done especially to reduce the risks of crop loss
in greenhouse cultivation.

Difference Between Greenhouse and Polyhouse

Greenhouse is made of some kind of transparent material to create a microclimate inside the house.
Different materials like glass, wood, polyethylene etc. are used as greenhouse cover to create the
microclimate.

Polyhouse is one type of green house where polyethylene is used as the cover. In India, polyhouse farming
is the most popular greenhouse technology for it’s low cost of construction. Lath house is another
greenhouse technology where wood is used as the cover.

Poly house is economical compared to glass house or greenhouse but the later is more durable than
polyhouse.

Crops Suitable for Polyhouse Farming

 Fruits: Papaya, Strawberry etc.
 Vegetables: Bitter Gourd, Cabbage, Capsicum, Coloured Capsicum, Cauliflower, Chili, Coriander,
Okra, Onion, Radish, Spinach, Tomato etc.
 Flowers: Carnation, Chrysanthemum, Gerbera, Gladiolus, Marigold, Orchid, Rose etc.
Capsicum in greenhouse farming in India

Site Selection for Greenhouse Construction

In its early years, the aim of a greenhouse was to grow species that require heat in colder regions. It was
easier to control climatic factors like temperature and moisture level inside a greenhouse and protect the
plants from the harsh external cold winds. In India, the following points are to be considered for selecting
the place to set up a poly greenhouse:

Water Logging

The site must be a well-drained area and not a place that has water logging issues. Water logging can
cause potential harm to the crops especially in areas with heavy rainfall and floods.

Pollution

The greenhouse must not be built near industrial units. This is to protect the crops from possible pollution
effects.

Zugänglichkeit

Although it should not be placed very near the roads, yet, they must be easily accessible through various
modes of transport.
Types of Greenhouse

Greenhouses being structures for facilitating a controlled cultivation system in greenhouse farming, the
structure must allow light penetration and maximum coverage. Hence they are semi-circular shaped
structures made of transparent materials like glass, polyethylene and other transparent materials. Apart
from controlling temperature other objectives of greenhouse farming are maintaining the right carbon
dioxide levels, humidity, water, controlling pests and providing plant nutrients. Greenhouse classification is
based on different parameters like cost, suitability, structure type, glazing type, number of spans and
environmental control.

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