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    WJEC 2014 Online Exam Review: GCSE Biology 4461-02

    Uploaded by

    XPhysixZ

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 29

    WJEC 2014 Online Exam Review

    GCSE Biology 4461-02


    All Candidates' performance across questions

    Question Title N Mean SD Max Mark FF Attempt %


    1 8531 3.6 1.5 6 59.2 100
    2 8533 3.1 1.2 6 51.8 100
    3 8527 2.8 1.3 6 47.4 99.9 3
    4 8340 1.7 1.3 6 27.7 97.7
    5 8533 4.2 1.2 6 69.8 100
    6 8405 1.2 1.3 4 30.9 98.5
    7 8035 3.5 1.9 7 50.3 94.1
    8 8524 2.8 1.5 8 34.4 99.9
    9 8443 1.2 1.1 5 23.1 98.9 9
    10 8192 2.1 1.6 6 34.2 96 10

    GCSE Biology 4461-02


    10 34.2
    9 23.1
    8 34.4
    7 50.3
    Question

    6 30.9
    5 69.8
    4 27.7
    3 47.4
    2 51.8
    1 59.2
    0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
    Facility Factor %
    7
    Examiner
    only
    3. The diagram below shows the hairs on the surface of the skin of a cat at different air temperatures.

    Diagram A Diagram B

    Mean air temperature 6.4°C Mean air temperature 22.7°C

    hairs

    skin
    surface

    (a) Name the structures in the skin that raise each hair to the position shown in Diagram A.
    [1]


    ...............................................................................................................................

    (b) Explain why the skin in Diagram A loses less heat to the air than the skin in Diagram B.

    020 0 07
    4 4 61
    [3]

    (c) State two other ways in which the skin reduces heat loss from the body. [2]

    I
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................

    II
    .................................................................................................................................................................................................

    © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (4461-02) Turn over.


    16
    Examiner
    only
    9. The diagram below shows how some nitrates enter water in the soil and how some enter the
    roots of wheat.

    rain cloud

    nitrogen in
    wheat crops grown
    artificial
    in spring rain
    fertiliser

    nitrogen in the form nitrogen in water


    of animal manure and nitrate in
    urea added to soil soil

    nitrate solution
    nitrogen in ammonia washed through soil

    (a) Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZs) are areas of land where nitrates in fertilisers are likely to
    enter water supplies.
    Suggest why:

    (i) the annual deadline for spreading animal manure (slurry) on NVZs in Wales is
    October 31st; [1]

    (ii) it is more environmentally friendly to add nitrate fertiliser to wheat crops in the
    Spring than in the Winter. [1]

    © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (4461-02)


    17
    Examiner
    only
    (b) Some genetically modified plants are able to absorb nitrates more rapidly than others so
    that they increase their yield.
    State another way in which plants may be genetically modified as an economic advantage.
    [1]

    (c) Suggest how ploughing dead plants back into the soil may lead to increased nitrate
    production in the long term. [2]

    © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (4461-02) Turn over.


    18
    Examiner
    only
    10. There is a gene (FOXI 1) in humans which controls how much water is lost from the body in
    sweat and urine. Scientists found that 85% of a large sample of people who lived in the Sahara
    desert had a form of the FOXI 1 gene which had changed over time.
    It has been estimated that climate change caused the Sahara desert to form between 10 000
    and 20 000 years ago at the same time that the change in the FOXI 1 gene took place.
    Explain how evolution has resulted in the changed FOXI 1 gene increasing in frequency in
    people living in the Sahara desert. [6 QWC]

    6
    END OF PAPER

    © WJEC CBAC Ltd. (4461-02)

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