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  • Experiment No 3

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    Subhajit Dutta
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    The document provides instructions for a student activity to identify teak wood by its characteristics such as weight, smell, color, and grain pattern. It includes background information on teak wood properties and describes examining a wood sample to observe and draw its grain patterns along and perpendicular to the grains. Precautions for the observation are also to be noted.

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    Construction materials lab reports

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    The document provides instructions for a student activity to identify teak wood by its characteristics such as weight, smell, color, and grain pattern. It includes background information on teak wood properties and describes examining a wood sample to observe and draw its grain patterns along and perpendicular to the grains. Precautions for the observation are also to be noted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views4 pages

    Experiment No 3

    Uploaded by

    Subhajit Dutta
    The document provides instructions for a student activity to identify teak wood by its characteristics such as weight, smell, color, and grain pattern. It includes background information on teak wood properties and describes examining a wood sample to observe and draw its grain patterns along and perpendicular to the grains. Precautions for the observation are also to be noted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Practical No – 3:

    Identify the grain distribution pattern in given sample of teak wood in the
    laboratory and draw the various patterns. (Along and perpendicular to the grains)

    Theoretical Background - Teak is a tropical


    hardwood tree species. Teak wood is very water
    resistant, durable, and resistant to pests, diseases,
    and rot. Therefore, it is extremely popular for using
    as a building. Because of these great qualities, teak
    wood is also very expensive. By looking closely at
    colour, grain, scent, and weight, the real teak wood
    can be identified.
    The colour of teak wood varies depending on what
    species a tree is and what part of the tree the wood
    is from. Colour ranges from dark golden-brown to
    yellowish-white.
    Scent is a great indicator of real teak wood. Teak wood has a high amount of natural oils, which
    helps it resist disease. Teak wood have smell like leather which has a smell like natural oil.
    Real teak wood is very dense and moderately heavy.
    The grain of true teak wood is generally straight. It will look like straight streaks or lines of a
    darker colour than the rest of the wood.

    Student’s Activity –

    - Take the wood sample in your hand.


    - Check the weight of the sample
    - Smell the sample.
    - Observe the colour.
    - Confirm whether it is teak wood sample.
    - Observe the grains carefully.
    - Draw the various patterns along and perpendicular to the grains.
    - Write the precaution to be followed during observation.
    Wood Grain:

    Wood grain refers to the arrangement of a


    wood’s fibres resulting from the growth of a
    tree. When the tree is cut, these fibres reveal a
    visual pattern of relatively darker and lighter
    wood, commonly known as the grain or —
    more accurately — the ‘figure’. Wood grain
    also affects the texture of a piece of sawn
    timber.

    The appearance of a piece of sawn wood is


    affected by the size, arrangement and type of
    these fibres. Different ways of sawing can
    reveal different grain patterns — the most
    common method is quarter sawing, when a log
    is cut into even boards that form parallel
    plains.

    Because of the way in which wood grows, each piece of timber has its own unique grain pattern.
    No two are the same! With over 60,000 types of tree in the world, there are an incredible array
    of different grains, figures and textures.

    Wood grain: hardwood vs. softwood


    Hardwoods contain a special type of longitudinal cell called vessel cells — when cut, these
    reveal pores. Softwoods, on the other hand, do not have vessels or pores. This structural
    difference is why hardwoods often can have a stronger, more pronounced grain pattern — these
    pores have a big effect on the appearance of some sawn wood.

    However, not all hardwoods are the same, of course — some have many pores which vary
    wildly in size; others have smaller, consistently-sized and more evenly-distributed pores. Let’s
    take a closer look.

    Different wood grain descriptions: straight, irregular, interlocking, wavy, spiral

    Wood enthusiasts, architects and designers often use certain labels to describe a wood’s grain.
    Some of those you’ll be most likely to come across include…

     Straight — the wood fibres consistently run in a straight direction along the cut piece
    of timber.
     Spiral — a wood whose fibres twist as the tree develops.
     Interlocked — taking things a step further than spiral grain, this describes a timber
    whose fibres align in opposite directions.
     Irregular — the wood’s fibres run at irregular, varying directions, including in knots.
     avy — describing a wood whose fibers change direction constantly.
    Open Grain
    Hardwoods that contain large pores are said to have an open grain (or a coarse grain, also
    known as ‘ring-porous’ trees). An open grain is typical of trees that grow faster during spring
    and slower in summer, causing variety in their cell composition and arrangement. As a result,
    these timbers often have stronger, more pronounced grain patterns.

    Straight Open Grained Hardwood Straight Open Grained Stripy Pattern


    hardwood
    Closed Grain
    Other species of hardwoods have smaller pores which don’t vary as much in size — these are
    classed as closed grain — also ‘fine grain’, ‘tight grain’ or ‘ring-diffuse’ trees. With tighter
    growth rings, these types of wood usually have a straight grain.

    Straight Closed Grained Hardwood Straight Closed Grained Hardwood

    Wood Grain & its relationship with workability


    Woods with a straight grain are the easiest to work, providing reliable, consistent results. On
    the other hand, timbers with an interlocking, irregular grain can be more prone to splitting,
    cracking and tearout — also known as ‘checking’. Therefore, these can demand more
    experience, time and care when being worked with.

    When it comes to finishing, open-grained woods can show a more uneven takeup, amplifying
    the grain. Those with tight, closed grains — like cherry and maple — usually finish more
    evenly.

    Reference:https://duffieldtimber.com/the-workbench/categories/timber-trends/wood-grain-patterns
    Observation Data Sheet
    Sl. Weight of the Smell Colour Grain Pattern Whether it is a
    No Sample Teak Wood (Y/N)

    Conclusion and remarks if any

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