Tennessee State Senate
Tennessee State Senate | |
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General Information | |
Party control: | Republican |
Session start: | January 9, 2024 |
Session end: | April 25, 2024 |
Term length: | 4 years |
Term limits: | None |
Redistricting: | Legislature-dominant |
Salary: | $28,405.96/year + per diem |
Mitglieder | |
Total: | 33 |
Democrats: | 6 |
Republicans: | 27 |
Other: | 0 |
Vacancies: | 0 |
Leadership | |
President: | Randy McNally (R) |
Maj. Leader: | Jack Johnson (R) |
Min. Leader: | Raumesh Akbari (D) |
Elections | |
Last election: | November 8, 2022 |
Next election: | November 5, 2024 |
The Tennessee State Senate is the upper chamber of the Tennessee General Assembly. Alongside the Tennessee House of Representatives, it forms the legislative branch of the Tennessee state government and works alongside the governor of Tennessee to create laws and establish a state budget. Legislative authority and responsibilities of the Tennessee State Senate include passing bills on public policy matters, setting levels for state spending, raising and lowering taxes, and voting to uphold or override gubernatorial vetoes.
The Tennessee State Senate meets in the state capitol building in Nashville, Tennessee.
Tennessee has a Republican trifecta. The Republican Party controls the office of governor and both chambers of the state legislature. |
This page contains the following information on the Tennessee State Senate.
- Which party controls the chamber
- The chamber's current membership
- Partisan control of the chamber over time
- Elections in the chamber and how vacancies are filled
- A district map
- How redistricting works in the state
- Legislation currently under consideration
- Legislative session dates
- Legislative procedures, such as veto overrides and the state budget process
- A list of committees
Party control
Current partisan control
The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the Tennessee State Senate as of September 2024:
Party | As of September 2024 | |
---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 6 | |
Republican Party | 27 | |
Other | 0 | |
Vacancies | 0 | |
Total | 33 |
Mitglieder
Leadership
The membership of the Senate elects a presiding officer, known as the speaker of the Senate. The speaker also serves as lieutenant governor. The speaker appoints the officers of the Senate as well as the officers and membership of the standing committees.[1]
Leadership and members
- Senate president: Randy McNally (R)
- Senate president pro tempore: Ferrell Haile (R)
- Majority leader: Jack Johnson (R)
- Minority leader: Raumesh Akbari (D)
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
State legislative salaries, 2024[2] | |
---|---|
Salary | Per diem |
$28,405.96/year | $326.47/day. Legislators living within 50 miles of the Capitol receive a reduced amount of $47 per day. |
Swearing in dates
Tennessee legislators assume office on the day they are elected in the general election.[3]
Membership qualifications
To be eligible to serve in the Tennessee State Senate, a candidate must:[4]
- Be U.S. citizen
- Be at least 30 years old before the general election
- Have resided in Tennessee for at least 3 years before the general election
- Have resided in the county or district to be represented for at least 1 year, immediately preceding the election
- Be a qualified voter in the county or district to be represented
The following groups of people are ineligible to run for office:[4]
- Those who have been convicted of offering or giving a bribe, or of larceny, or any other offense declared infamous by law, unless restored to citizenship in the mode pointed out by law;
- Those against whom there is a judgment unpaid for any moneys received by them, in any official capacity, due to the United States, to this state, or any county thereof;
- Those who are defaulters to the treasury at the time of the election (the election of any such person shall be void);
- Soldiers, seamen, marines, or airmen in the regular army or navy or air force of the United States; and
- Members of congress, and persons holding any office of profit or trust under any foreign power, other state of the union, or under the United States.
Historical party control
Republicans won control of the Tennessee State Senate in 2004. In 2022, they won a 27-6 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Tennessee Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Tennessee State Senate election results: 1992-2022
Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democrats | 19 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 13 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 |
Republicans | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 19 | 20 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 27 |
Trifecta history
A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Between 1992 and 2023, Tennessee was under the following types of trifecta control:
- Democratic trifecta: 1992-1994, 2003-2004
- Republican trifecta: 2011-2023
- Divided government: 1995-2002, 2005-2010
Tennessee Party Control: 1992-2024
Five years of Democratic trifectas • Fourteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
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Governor | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
Senate | D | D | D | D | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | S | S | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
House | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
Elections
Elections by year
Tennessee state senators serve staggered, four-year terms and half of the Senate is up for election every two years. Tennessee holds elections for its legislature in even years.
2026
- See also: Tennessee State Senate elections, 2026
Elections for the Tennessee State Senate will take place in 2026. The general election is on November 3, 2026.
2024
- See also: Tennessee State Senate elections, 2024
Elections for the Tennessee State Senate will take place in 2024. The general election is on November 5, 2024. The primary was August 1, 2024. The filing deadline was April 4, 2024.
2022
- See also: Tennessee State Senate elections, 2022
Elections for the Tennessee State Senate took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for August 4, 2022. The filing deadline was April 14, 2022. The filing deadline was originally scheduled for April 7, 2022, but was rescheduled for May 5, 2022, after a judicial panel ordered the Senate maps be redrawn. This decision was appealed and reversed and the filing deadline for the state Senate was changed to April 14, 2022. [5][6]
In the 2022 elections, the partisan balance of the Tennessee State Senate did not change.
Tennessee State Senate | |||
---|---|---|---|
Party | As of November 8, 2022 | After November 9, 2022 | |
Democratic Party | 6 | 6 | |
Republican Party | 27 | 27 | |
Total | 33 | 33 |
2020
- See also: Tennessee State Senate elections, 2020
Elections for the office of Tennessee State Senate took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for August 6, 2020. The filing deadline was April 2, 2020.
In the 2020 elections, the Republican majority in the Tennessee State Senate decreased by one senator.
Tennessee State Senate | |||
---|---|---|---|
Party | As of November 3, 2020 | After November 4, 2020 | |
Democratic Party | 5 | 6 | |
Republican Party | 28 | 27 | |
Total | 33 | 33 |
2018
- See also: Tennessee State Senate elections, 2018
Elections for the Tennessee State Senate took place in 2018. An open primary election took place on August 2, 2018, and the general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was April 5, 2018.[7]
In the 2018 elections, Republicans increased their majority in the Tennessee State Senate from 26-4 to 28-5.
Tennessee State Senate | |||
---|---|---|---|
Party | As of November 6, 2018 | After November 7, 2018 | |
Democratic Party | 4 | 5 | |
Republican Party | 26 | 28 | |
Vacancy | 3 | 0 | |
Total | 33 | 33 |
2016
- See also: Tennessee State Senate elections, 2016
Elections for the Tennessee State Senate took place in 2016. The primary election was held on August 4, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was April 7, 2016. A total of 16 seats out of the 33 seats in the Tennessee State Senate were up for election in 2016.
Heading into the election, Republicans held a 28-5 majority. No changes occurred to the partisan balance of the chamber.
Tennessee State Senate | |||
---|---|---|---|
Party | As of November 7, 2016 | After November 8, 2016 | |
Democratic Party | 5 | 5 | |
Republican Party | 28 | 28 | |
Total | 33 | 33 |
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2014
Elections for 18 seats in the Tennessee State Senate took place in 2014. A primary election took place on August 7, 2014. A general election took place on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was April 3, 2014. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 26-6 majority with one vacancy. Republicans gained one seat in the election, giving them a 27-6 majority.
2012
Elections for the office of Tennessee State Senate took place in 2012. The primary election was held on August 2, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was April 5, 2012. A total of 16 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 20-13 majority. Republicans gained six seats in the election, giving them a 26-7 majority.
The following table details the eight districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election.
2010
Elections for the office of Tennessee State Senate took place in 2010. The primary election was held on August 5, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was April 1, 2010. Heading into the election, Republicans held a 19-14 majority. Republicans gained one seat in the election, giving them a 20-13 majority.
In 2010, the candidates for state Senate raised a total of $4,275,730 in campaign contributions. The top 10 donors were:[8]
2008
Elections for the office of Tennessee State Senate consisted of a primary election on August 7, 2008, and a general election on November 4, 2008. During the 2008 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $7,905,028. The top 10 contributors were:[9]
2006
Elections for the office of Tennessee State Senate consisted of a primary election on August 3, 2006, and a general election on November 7, 2006. During the 2006 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $5,784,749. The top 10 contributors were:[10]
2004
Elections for the office of Tennessee State Senate consisted of a primary election on August 5, 2004, and a general election on November 2, 2004. During the 2004 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $6,713,113. The top 10 contributors were:[11]
2002
Elections for the office of Tennessee State Senate consisted of a primary election on August 1, 2002, and a general election on November 5, 2002. During the 2002 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $3,260,212. The top 10 contributors were:[12]
2000
Elections for the office of Tennessee State Senate consisted of a primary election on August 3, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000. During the 2000 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $5,777,169. The top 10 contributors were:[13]
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Vacancies
If there is a vacancy in the Tennessee General Assembly, there are two ways a vacancy can be filled. When twelve months or more remain before the next general election, a special election must be held within the allowable time frame set by law. If fewer than twelve months remain before the next general election, members of the legislative body in the county where the vacancy occurred must vote on a replacement.[14]
See sources: Tennessee Const. Art. 2, Sec. 15
District map
- See also: Tennessee state legislative districts
The state of Tennessee has 33 state Senate districts. Each district elects one senator.
Use the interactive map below to find your district.
Redistricting
- See also: Redistricting in Tennessee
In Tennessee, both congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn by the state legislature. These lines are subject to veto by the governor.[15]
The Tennessee Constitution requires that state Senate districts "preserve counties whole where possible." State statutes mandate that no more than 30 counties may be split across districts. Furthermore, state law requires that state legislative districts be contiguous. There are no such requirements in place for congressional districts.[15]
2020
On November 22, 2023, the Davidson County Chancery Court struck down the state senate map, declaring it unconstitutional. The court ordered the state to create a new state senate map by January 31, 2024.[16] On April 13, 2022, the Tennessee Supreme Court reversed a ruling by the Davidson County Chancery Court on April 6 blocking the same state senate map. Gov. Lee signed the state's legislative districts into law on February 6, 2022.[17]
District map after 2020 redistricting
This map took effect for Tennessee's 2022 legislative elections.
2010
Tennessee received its local census data on March 16, 2011.[18] The state's population rose 11.5 percent to 6,346,105.[19]
The redistricting process began in January 2012; it was the first time in the state's history where the process was controlled entirely by Republicans. The Tennessee House of Representatives passed its redistricting map on a 67-25 vote, and Gov. Bill Haslam (R) signed it into law on January 26, 2012.[20][21] The State Senate map was passed on January 13, 2012, and signed into law on February 9, 2012.[22][23] House Democrats filed a lawsuit in March, arguing that the House map unnecessarily split too many counties.
Sessions
Legislation
The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the Tennessee State Senate has approved in its most recent legislative session—this includes legislation that has been sent from the Senate to the House and legislation that has already been approved by both chambers and signed by the governor. The table below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read the bill text and see its voting history. Click the headings to sort the content. Rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Click the magnifying glass in the bottom left corner to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated by BillTrack50.
Dates of legislative sessions in Tennessee by year
2024
In 2024, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 9, 2024, and adjourn on April 25, 2024.
2023
In 2023, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 10, 2023, and adjourn on April 21, 2023.
Click [show] for past years' session dates. | |||
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2022In 2022, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 11, 2022, and adjourn on April 28, 2022. 2021In 2021, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 12, 2021, and adjourn on May 5, 2021. 2020In 2020, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 14, 2020, and adjourn on June 19, 2020.
Several state legislatures had their sessions impacted as a result of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. The Tennessee State Legislature suspended its session, effective March 19, 2020, until June 1, 2020. The legislature adjourned on June 19, 2020. A special session convened on August 10, 2020, and adjourned on August 12, 2020.[24] 2019In 2019, the legislature was in session from January 8, 2019, through May 2, 2019. 2018In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 9, 2018, through April 27, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, click here. 2017
In 2017, the legislature was in session from January 10, 2017, through May 10, 2017. 2016
In 2016, the legislature was in session from January 12 through April 22. The legislature held a special session from September 12 to September 14 to repeal a DUI bill that threatened to remove $60 million in federal funding. 2015
In 2015, the legislature was in session from January 13 through April 22. Major issues in 2015Major issues for the 2015 legislative session included health, education, and finances.[25] Of particular focus was Governor Bill Haslam's (R) "Insure Tennessee" plan. The two-year pilot program would give access to healthcare coverage to those living in the state that do not currently have health insurance or had limited options.[26] 2014
In 2014, the legislature was in session from January 14 through April 18. Major issues in 2014Major issues during the 2014 legislative session included education, guns in work parking lots, and requiring prescriptions for drugs used to make methamphetamine. 2013
In 2013, the legislature was in session from January 8 to April 19. Republicans had a supermajority for the first time since the Civil War era. Major issues in 2013Major issues in the 2013 legislative session included guns, school vouchers, and tax cuts to wine in grocery stores.[27] 2012
In 2012, the legislature was in session from January 10 through May 1. Major issues in 2012Republican legislators began the session by passing new congressional and state legislative maps. Major issues in the session included job creation and eliminating policies and regulations that restrict businesses, including the inheritance tax, and reforming unemployment insurance. 2011
In 2011, the legislature was in session from January 11 through May 21.[28] 2010
In 2010, the legislature was in regular session from January 12th to June 10th. Additionally, the legislature met in special session from January 12th to January 25th to deal with educational issues related to race to the top funds.[29] |
About legislative sessions in Tennessee
The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.[30] State governments across the country use this authority to hold legislative sessions where a state's elected representatives meet for a period of time to draft and vote on legislation and set state policies on issues such as taxation, education, and government spending. The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions, legislatively referred constitutional amendments, and bills that become law.
The Tennessee General Assembly, which the Senate is a part of, convenes on the second Tuesday in January on the years following elections as outlined by Article II, Section 8 of the Tennessee Constitution. The legislature is limited to 90 paid legislative days within a two-year term.
Legislative roles and procedures
Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includes veto overrides, the role of the legislature in the state budget, and procedures for filling membership vacancies.
Veto overrides
- See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures
State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in Tennessee are listed below.
How many legislators are required to vote for an override? A majority of members in both chambers.
A simple majority of members in both chambers must vote to override a veto, which is 50 of the 99 members in the Tennessee House of Representatives and 17 of the 33 members in the Tennessee State Senate. Tennessee is one of six states that requires a majority vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto. |
How can vetoes be overridden after the legislature has adjourned?
Vetoes can be overridden in a special session called by the legislature.[31] Two-thirds of members in both chambers must agree to call for a special session.[32] |
Authority: Article III, Section 18 of the Tennessee Constitution.
"Every bill which may pass both Houses of the General Assembly shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the governor for his signature. If he approve, he shall sign it, and the same shall become a law; but if he refuse to sign it, he shall return it with his objections thereto, in writing, to the house in which it originated; and said House shall cause said objections to be entered at large upon its journal, and proceed to reconsider the bill. If after such reconsideration, a majority of all the members elected to that House shall agree to pass the bill, notwithstanding the objections of the executive, it shall be sent, with said objections, to the other House, by which it shall be likewise reconsidered. If approved by a majority of the whole number elected to that House, it shall become a law." |
Role in state budget
- See also: Tennessee state budget and finances
Tennessee on ![]() |
The state operates on an annual budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[33]
- Budget instructions are sent to state agencies in August of the year preceding the start of the new fiscal year.
- State agencies submit their budget requests to the governor by October 1.
- The governor submits his or her proposed budget to the state legislature by February 1. The deadline for new governors is March 1.
- The legislature typically adopts a budget between April and June. A simple majority is required to pass a budget. The fiscal year begins July 1.
Tennessee is one of 44 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.[33][34]
The governor is constitutionally required to submit a balanced budget proposal. Likewise, the legislature is required to adopt a balanced budget.[33]
Committees
Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.
- Standing committees are generally permanent committees, the names of which sometimes change from session to session.
- Select or special committees are temporary committees formed to deal with specific issues such as recent legislation, major public policy or proposals, or investigations.
- Joint committees are committees that feature members of both chambers of a legislature.
Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The Tennessee State Senate has nine standing committees:
- Commerce and Labor Committee
- Energy, Agriculture and Natural Resources Committee
- Finance, Ways and Means Committee
- Health and Welfare Committee
- Senate Education Committee
- Senate Government Operations Committee
- Senate Judiciary Committee
- State & Local Government Committee
- Transportation and Safety Committee
Constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods in which the Tennessee Constitution can be amended:
The Tennessee Constitution can be amended in two ways—through the legislative process, or a state constitutional convention.
Legislature
In Tennessee, the state Legislature must pass a constitutional amending during two successive legislative sessions with an election in between. During the first legislative session, a simple majority vote is required in both legislative chambers. During the second legislative session, a two-thirds vote is required in both legislative chambers. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot. In Tennessee, amendments must be placed on general election ballots in which there is also a gubernatorial election.
The required legislative votes per session, assuming no vacancies, are listed below:
Requirements to refer constitutional amendments in Tennessee | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sitzung | Requirement | Senate | House | |||
First | Simple majority vote | 17 | 50 | |||
Second | Two-thirds vote | 22 | 66 |
Convention
According to Section 3 of Article XI of the Tennessee Constitution, the state Legislature can vote to refer a constitutional convention question to voters. A simple majority vote is required in the Legislature.
2025 measures:
- See also: 2025 ballot measures
Certified:
- The following measures were certified for the ballot.
No measures to list
2024 measures:
Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2024 ballot by the legislature.
- See also: Tennessee 2024 ballot measures
Certified:
- The following measures were certified for the ballot.
No measures to list
See also
Elections | Tennessee State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
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External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Tennessee Secretary of State, "Senate," accessed February 16, 2021
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
- ↑ Tennessee Constitution, "Article II, Section 3," accessed November 1, 2021
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Tennessee Secretary of State, "Qualifications for elected offices in Tennessee," accessed February 10, 2023
- ↑ Tennessean, "Tennessee Supreme Court reverses lower court order blocking state's new Senate map," April 13, 2022
- ↑ Tennessee Secretary of State, "Petition Information," accessed April 11, 2022
- ↑ Tennessee Secretary of State, "Key Dates for the 2018 Election Cycle," accessed September 6, 2017
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Tennessee Senate 2010 Campaign Contributions," accessed August 2, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Tennessee 2008 Candidates," accessed August 2, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Tennessee 2006 Candidates," accessed August 2, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Tennessee 2004 Candidates," accessed August 2, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Tennessee 2002 Candidates," accessed August 2, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "Tennessee 2000 Candidates," accessed August 2, 2013
- ↑ Tennessee Legislature, "Tennessee Constitution," accessed May 22, 2014 (Article II, Section 15)
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 All About Redistricting, "Tennessee," accessed May 5, 2015
- ↑ The Tennessean, "Judges rule Tennessee Senate map unconstitutional, order legislature to redraw by Jan. 31," November 22, 2023
- ↑ The Tennessean, "Gov. Bill Lee signs redistricting bills dividing Davidson County into three congressional districts," February 7, 2022
- ↑ U.S. Census Bureau, "U.S. Census Bureau Delivers Tennessee's 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting," March 16, 2011
- ↑ USA Today, "Census 2010 - Tennessee," accessed July 11, 2012
- ↑ Nashville Scene, "After Deal to Spare a Few Democrats, House Redistricting Plan Rolls," January 12, 2012
- ↑ Times Free Press, "Tennessee Gov. Bill Haslam approves House, Congressional redistricting map ," January 26, 2012
- ↑ Memphis Daily News, "State Redistricting Wrinkles Save Kyle's Seat But Continue Debate," January 16, 2012
- ↑ Tennessee General Assembly, "Bill Information for SB1514," accessed April 14, 2012
- ↑ Tennessee General Assembly, "Home page," accessed March 24, 2020
- ↑ Dave Boucher, The Tennessean, "As Haslam officially sworn in, battles await," January 17, 2015
- ↑ UT Advocacy, "109th Tennessee General Assembly Begins," January 13, 2015
- ↑ Commercial Appeal, "Guns, wine, vouchers again in Tennessee legislature," January 5, 2013
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2011 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed June 6, 2014(Archived)
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislature, "2010 session dates for Tennessee legislature," December 19, 2011
- ↑ Find Law, "Tenth Amendment - U.S. Constitution," accessed May 20, 2017
- ↑ TN Report, "Veto-Override Session May be in Works," March 21, 2014
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Special Sessions," May 6, 2009
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2021," accessed January 24, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Separation of Powers: Executive Veto Powers," accessed January 26, 2024
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