A) Definition Reasons Why Agriculture Is Said To Be An ART

A) DEFINITION
 Jaa
INTRODUCTION
agriculture is defined as the art and science of animal and crop production.
Reasons why agriculture is said to be an

ART
 Its an art because it entails activities such as:
a)Tilling of land
b)Construction of farm structures
c)Harvesting of crops
d)Measuring of distances
e)Handling and feeding of animals etc.

f)Weeding of crops,to remove weed such as the above(striga hermotheca).
reasons why agriculture is also term as a science.

it involves the following branches of science;
 pathology-the study of pathogens,effects and their control measures.
 parasitology-the study of parasites,effects and their control measures.
 entomology- the study of insects,effects and their control measures.
 genetics-the study of genes,genetic variations,and heredity in living organism etc
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BRANCHES OF AGRICULTURE
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Subjects
B) BRANCHES OF AGRICULTURE
 Jaa
branches of agriculture
There exist four main branches of agriculture, namely;
 Livestock production
 Crop production
 agricultural economics
 agricultural engineering.
a) Livestock production
a)nomadic pastralism..this is the keeping of cattle,while moving from one region in search of
pasture and clean water.
b)poultry farming; the rearing of poultry such us chicken,goose, turkey,duck, pigeon etc
c)pig farming;rearing of pigs
d)apiculture(bee keeping)
e)aquaculture(fish farming)
b)Crop production
What is crop production?
Crop production (Arable farming) includes growing of the following.
Field crop include:
Annual crops like cereals and pulses e.g garden peas
Perennial crops like coffee, tea, sugarcane
Field crops
Growing of tea and sugarcane among others
Horticultural crops entails (i) Pomology, (ii) Olericulture, (ii) Floriculture
Pomology
Pomology is growing of fruits

Olericulture
Olericulture is the growing of vegetables such as French beans, Cabbages and Tomatoes.
Floriculture
Floriculture is the growing of flowers such as Tuberose,Roses and Carnations. Among other
crops
c) Farm tools and machinery
Agriculture engineering is a branch of agriculture that deals with use and maintenance of
farm tools, machinery and structures.
d) Marketing agricultural produce
Agriculture economics is a branch of agriculture which deals with the utilization of scarce
resources. It aims at maximizing output while minimizing costs
C) FARMING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

 Jaa
Farming Systems and Methods

Farming Systems and Methods
Lesson objectives
By the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
(i)define farming system
(ii)identify the four main farming system in Kenya
(iii)describe the four farming systems practiced in Kenya
(iv)state all the advantages and disadvantages of each farming system

(v)state five methods of farming
(vi)define all methods of farming
(vii)outline the advantages and disadvantages of all methods of farming.
FARMING SYSTEMS PRACTICED IN KENYA
What is farming system?
Farming system is the organisation of the farm and all the enterprises in relationship to each
other.
Types of farming systems
1. Extensive
2. Intensive
3. The above systems can be carried under large scale or small scale farming depending
on level of technology, availability of land, capital, and skilled labour.
 Extensive farming
 Intensive farming
 Small scale farming
 Large scale farming
Extensive system:- Involves farming in large piece of land using very little input to produce
the desired products.
Small scale farming:-Farming system which involves growing of crops and raising of
livestock in small pieces of land for maximum yield per unit area, through use of high levels
of labour and capital by application of modern farming technologies
Intensive farming system:-Farming system which involves the commercial production of

large quantities of crops and livestock on large farm.

Large scale:-Farming system which involves growing of crops and rearing of animals on
large piece of land applying modern farming technologies.
FARMING METHODS PRACTICED IN KENYA
Some methods of farming practised in Kenya include
 Mixed farming,
 Nomadic pastrolism,
 Shifting cultivation
 Organic farming
 Agroforestry
Mixed farming
Involves growing crops and keeping animals on same piece of land.
Nomadic pastrolism
Moving of animals from one place to another in search of fresh water and pasture
Agroforestry
Involves growing of leguminous trees and crops and keeping animals on same piece of land.
Shifting cultivation
Involves farming on a piece of land continuouslyuntil it is exhausted after which the farmer
moves to a more fertile ground.
Organic farming
Growing of crops and rearing animals withoutusing agricultural chemicals.
E) IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
 Jaa
roles of agriculture
Role of agriculture in economic development of Kenya
Agriculture is the art and business of cultivating soil, producing crops and raising livestock.
According to a World Bank report in 2005, stated that about two thirds of the world
population are mainly concentrated in rural areas, which are predominantly agriculture-
oriented areas. Therefore in respect to poverty eradication and raising the welfare standards
of the population; more focus should be put on agricultural activities.
In Kenya agriculture is an important fundamental in economic development, it contributes

35% of the gross domestic product (GDP) and constitutes 40% of the export earnings.
It’s a sector that establishes the industrialization framework through; supplying raw materials
for industries, example timber for the paper manufacturing industry, skin and hides for
leather making industry.
It generates foreign currency through the export process of agricultural products. It creates a

source of employment to the population through farming, business and research activities
therefore raising the standard of living of individuals.
The purchasing power of the population is improved through income generation, hence
creating a market for industrial products.
Agriculture in itself is also a market for industrial goods such as machinery, equipment and
fertilizers used in the farming process. It promotes and creates various off-farm activities
such as transportation, research programmes that look for better and improved methods to be
applied in farming and livestock activities, example Kenya Agricultural Institute (KARI).
Agriculture ensures a constant food supply and food security for the population, this ensures
that the work force fed with energy to supply labour to industries and other economic sectors.
It also saves the country funds that would have rather been used in the importing of food
from other countries this in turn has a positive effect on the country’s balance of payments
and there is surplus money to invest in other areas of the economy such as social overheads;
roads,
hospitals.
Above all it contributes towards rural-urban balancing; through the creation of employment
in the rural areas it discourages rural to urban migration and this helps in the better
distribution of incomes and balanced use of social amenities. Through all this multiplier
effects agriculture is perceived to an engine of economic growth and development.

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A) DEFINITION

Reasons why agriculture is said to be an

e)Handling and feeding of animals etc.

reasons why agriculture is also term as a science.

Peda.net> Kenya> Anin Girls

High> Subjects>Agriculture>form one>INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE>B)

c)pig farming;rearing of pigs

What is crop production?

Crop production (Arable farming) includes growing of the following.

Field crop include:

Annual crops like cereals and pulses e.g garden peas

Perennial crops like coffee, tea, sugarcane

Growing of tea and sugarcane among others

Horticultural crops entails (i) Pomology, (ii) Olericulture, (ii) Floriculture

Pomology is growing of fruits

c) Farm tools and machinery

d) Marketing agricultural produce

C) FARMING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Farming Systems and Methods

By the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

(i)define farming system

(ii)identify the four main farming system in Kenya

(iii)describe the four farming systems practiced in Kenya

(iv)state all the advantages and disadvantages of each farming system

(vi)define all methods of farming

(vii)outline the advantages and disadvantages of all methods of farming.

FARMING SYSTEMS PRACTICED IN KENYA

What is farming system?

Types of farming systems

Intensive farming system:-Farming system which involves the commercial production of

FARMING METHODS PRACTICED IN KENYA

Some methods of farming practised in Kenya include

Involves growing crops and keeping animals on same piece of land.

In Kenya agriculture is an important fundamental in economic development, it contributes

leather making industry.

It generates foreign currency through the export process of agricultural products. It creates a

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