SS1 BIOLOGY REVISION QUESTIONS SUMMER TERM 2022

What must be increased in the diet of a person suffering from constipation?

A fats B fibre C iron D protein

The living material of the cell consists of

(a). nucleus and cytoplasm (b). cytoplasm and vacuole (c). cytoplasm and cell membrane (d).
nucleus and cell membrane.

Active transport is the movement of

A molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower
concentration. B particles from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher
concentration using energy from respiration.
C urine by relaxation of a sphincter muscle in the bladder.
D water through a partially permeable membrane from a more dilute to a more concentrated
solution.

Which of these contains relay neurones?

A. effector B. receptor C. spinal cord D. stimulus

In plant cells, the role of membrane is played by

(a). nucleolus (b). cell wall (c). cytoplasm (d). osmosis.

The cilia in paramecium are use for A. respirating B. locomotion C. protection D. regulating
food intake

The ascent of water in tall trees is mainly due to

A. adhesive forces B. transpiration pull C. root pressure D. cohesive forces

The oxygen given off during the process of photosynthesis is derived from ….......
A. Sunlight B. Water C. Chlorophyll D. Carbon dioxide

Which element is found in a molecule of chlorophyll?

A calcium B iron C lead D magnesium

Which of these is not correct about the tsetse fly and mosquito? A. Habour protozoa as disease
agents. B. Possess piercing and sucking mouthpart. C. Have intermediates hosts. D.
Inject disease-causing organisms into the blood stream

Red blood cells were found to have burst open after being placed in distilled after for an hour.
This phenomenon is known as
(a). plasmolysis (b). diffusion (c). haemolysis (d). wilting.

Lipase as an enzyme that convert ………

A. Peptides to polypeptides B. Glucose to glycogen C. Fats to fatty acids and glycerol D.
Peptides to amino-acids

Which statement about enzymes is correct A. Enzymes are carbohydrates B. Enzymes are
catalysts C. Enzymes are not affected by pH D. Enzymes are not affected by temperature

1
Magnesium is utilized in the formation of ………………
A. ATD B. Glucose C. Chlorophyll D. Amino-acid

The streaming movement of cytoplasm within the Paramecium is known as

A. Transpiration B. Digestion C. Cyclosis D. Osmosis

4. The scientist who introduced binomial nomenclature in the classification of organisms was

A. Charles Darwin B. Carolus Linnaeus C. John Ray D. Louis Pasteur

Which of the following organs of the alimentary canal is not correctly matched with its
function? A. Gall bladder- stores bile B. Liver - stores glycogen C. Appendix - releases
enzymes D. Teeth = grind food

Which shows an organism that has been named using the binomial system?
A Bacterium B Flowering plant C HIV
D Homo sapiens

The kind of teeth used for tearing food material is the ____ A. Incisor B. Canine C.
Premolar D. Molar

What helps oxygen to be absorbed rapidly into the blood in the lungs?
A Air breathed in has less oxygen than air breathed out. B Alveoli have thick walls and a
large surface area. C Alveoli have thin walls and a large surface area. D The concentration of
oxygen in the blood is higher than in the alveoli.

The organism that carry out both autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition is
A. Chlamydomonas B. Eudorina C. Euglena
D. Spirogyra

The organelle which eliminates water from the body of a protozoan is?
(a). plasma membrane (b). contractile vacuole (c). nucleus (d). cell wall.
Which of the following organisms is not classified as an animal?
(a). Amoeba (b). Paramecium (c). Euglena (d). Obelia.
Which substance is an enzyme?
A bile B fibrinogen C lipase D maltose

Which enzymes are contained in the pancreatic juice? A. Ptyalin, lipase and
pepsin B. Rennin, sucrase and lipase C. Maltase, erepsin and trypsin D. Amylase,
lipase and trypsin

Some liquid is collected from the xylem in the stem of a plant.

What is present in the liquid?
A amino acids B inorganic ions C starch D sugar

What are the products of anaerobic respiration in muscles? A. ethanol and carbon dioxide
B. ethanol only C. lactic acid and carbon dioxide
D. lactic acid only

2
The cytoplasm of the cell is considered a very important component because it
(a). regulates the amount of energy in a cell. (b). suspends all cell organelles (c). is the
outermost part of the cell. (d). is solely responsible for cell division.

The diagram shows a section through an alveolus and a capillary.

Why does carbon dioxide move from X to Y?

A. Air has a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than blood. B. Carbon dioxide moves
more freely in air than in blood.C. Carbon dioxide must replace oxygen. D. Diffusion of
carbon dioxide can only be out of the blood.

Which statement describes active transport?

A the movement of ions through proteins in a cell membrane, releasing energy
B the movement of ions through proteins in a cell membrane, using energy
C the movement of water through lipids in a cell membrane, releasing energy
D the movement of water through lipids in a cell membrane, using energy

The effect of the contraction of the muscles of the diaphragm is that A. the volume of the
thoracic cavity increases. B. more carbondioxide is expelled through the nostrils. C. the ribs
cage is drawn inward. D. the intercostal muscle becomes relax.

Which structure is adapted for the diffusion of gases?

A. alveolus B. diaphragm C. oesophagus D. Trachea

Vigorous exercise can cause an oxygen debt. Which process removes the oxygen debt?
A aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver
B a decrease in breathing rate
C a decrease in heart rate
D an increase in blood supply to the skin

The duodenum of a person was surgically removed. Which of the following substances would
have their digestion affected?
A. starch and protein only B. starch and lipids C. starch, peptones and maltose D. starch,
protein and lip

What is the function of the anus?

A assimilation B digestion C egestion D excretion

Which substance, needed for protein synthesis, is carried into a leaf from the stem?
A carbon dioxide B nitrate C oxygen D starch

Which of the following cells is a specialized cell?

3
A. Amoeba B. Plasmodium C. Guard cell D. Meristematic cell

A seedling was made to stand in a solution of red ink for three hours and a transverse section
of the stem was examined under the microscope. The process being investigated was

A. the importance of micro elements to plants B. ascent of water through the xylem
C. diffusion of colored substances D. distribution of food in plants

An organism that operates at the cellular level of organization, carries out its physiological
activities by using its
(a) Cell membrane (b). organelles (c). small size (d). cytoplasm.

In which of the following yam tissues will osmosis occur?

(a.) Boiled and peeled (b). Raw and peeled (c). Boiled and unpeeled (d). Roasted and peeled.
What controls the passage of substances into and out of plant cells?
A the cell surface membrane B the cellulose cell wall C the chloroplasts D the vacuole

Which process in plant cells uses chlorophyll? A. growth B. nutrition C. movement

D. respiration

Which two vessels carry blood at the highest pressure?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4

A typical plant cell is mainly distinguished from an animal cell by the possession of
A. Chloroplast and nucleus B. cell wall and cytoplasm C. Chloroplast and cell
wall. D. Cell wall and mitochondria

Which of the following statements is true about arthropods?

A. Prothorax bears only legs B. Mesothorax bears only legs C. Metathorax bears only wings
D. Prothorax bears only wings

In the binomial system of naming organism, the second name is called the
(a). scientific name (b). Common name (c). Generic name (d). Specific name.
Which process causes this change?
A. growth B. reproduction C. respiration D. sensitivity

Which of the following disease is caused by a bacterium?

A. ringwormB. poliomyelitis C. Syphilis D. malaria

What level of organisation is Spirogyra?

A. System B. Organ C. Cell D. Tissue

Which of the following food substances gives the least amount of calories?
(a). rice (b). groundnuts (c). cabbage (d). egg yolk.
Blood pressure is higher in the arteries as a result of
A. stress B. contraction and relaxation C. blockage in the arteries D. presence of valves

What is carried by the xylem?

4
A chlorophyll B mineral ions C starch D sugars

An organism which lives on the remains of a dead plant is ………….

A. An endoparasite B. A saprophyte
C. A commensal C. A symbiot

Which of the following processes removes carbon (IV) oxide from the atmosphere?
A. Burning fuels B. Putrefaction C. Photosynthesis D. Respiration in plants

Active transport differs from diffusion in that active transport

A. is a very fast process B. allows the movement of substances against concentration gradient
C. takes place in both light and dark reaction of photosynthesis D. occurs in both plant and
animal tissues

Why is yeast used in breadmaking?

A to produce alcohol B to produce carbon dioxide C to use up oxygen D to use up sugar

The smallest branches on the cell body of a neurone are called

A. Dendrites B. Dendrons C. Ganglia D. Schwan Cell

Which of the following increases transpiration? A air around the leaf with high humidity
B air molecules around the leaf with less kinetic energy C an absence of light falling on the
leaf
D water molecules in the leaf with more kinetic energy

Which substances do root hairs take from the soil? A water and carbon dioxide B water and
mineral ions C carbon dioxide and oxygen and mineral ions D carbon dioxide and oxygen
and water

Which cell type contains the most chloroplasts?

A palisade mesophyll B phloem C spongy mesophyll D xylem

The living material of the cell consists of

(a). nucleus and cytoplasm (b). cytoplasm and vacuole (c). cytoplasm and cell membrane (d).
nucleus and cell membrane.

In medicine, bacteria have proved very useful due to the production of __

A. Nitrate B. Antibiotics C. Cured tobacco D. Tanned leather

Which of the following characteristics do fungi share in common with animals?

(a). presence of digestive tract (b). movement from one place to another (c). storage of
carbohydrate as glycogen (d). movement of centrioles during cell division.

The process of regulating the amount of water and solutes in the body fluids is called
(a). osmosis (b). diffusion (c). osmoregulation (d). homeostasis.

Active transport is the movement of

A molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower
concentration. B particles from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher
concentration using energy from respiration.

5
C urine by relaxation of a sphincter muscle in the bladder.
D water through a partially permeable membrane from a more dilute to a more concentrated
solution.

In plant cells, the role of membrane is played by

(a). nucleolus (b). cell wall (c). cytoplasm (d). osmosis.

The wilting of the plant is due to the fact that

(a). the root hairs die off and can no longer absorb water. (b). the salt solution causes faster
rate of transpiration leading to the death of the plant cells. (c). the salt solution has caused
water to be lost from the plant cells leading to the loss of turgor. (d). the plant tissue has been
poisoned by the salt which is absorbed by the plant.

The cilia in paramecium are use for A. respirating B. locomotion C. protection D. regulating
food intake

Which of the following cell inclusions can destroy other cell organelles?

A. Centriole B. Ribosome C. Lysosome D. Mitochondrion

All fish, all birds and all mammals are

A animals with internal fertilisation.
B carnivores.
C vertebrates.
D warm-blooded animals.

An organism which lives on the remains of a dead plant is ………….

A. An endoparasite B. A saprophyte C. A commensal C. A symbiot

The following symptoms can be caused by a dietary deficiency:

● bone pain
● dental problems
● fragile bones
● skeletal deformities
A lack of which nutrient is most likely to cause these symptoms?
A iron B protein C vitamin C D vitamin D
Which part of the gill of fish is involved in gaseous exchange? A. Gills slits B. Gills bar
C. Covers
D. Gills filaments

The mechanism of opening and closing of stomata in plants is based on

(a). turgidity and diffusion (b). turgidity and flaccidity (c). osmosis and diffusion (d).
diffusion and flaccidity

Which of the following pH values is the best for the action of the enzymes – rennin and
pepsin in the stomach? (a) pH 2 (b) pH 7(c) pH 8 (d) pH 9.
Red blood cells were found to have burst open after being placed in distilled after for an hour.

This phenomenon is known as

(a). plasmolysis (b). diffusion (c). haemolysis (d). wilting.

6
The organelle which eliminates water from the body of a protozoan is?
(a). plasma membrane (b). contractile vacuole (c). nucleus (d). cell wall.

Which of the following organisms is not classified as an animal?

(a). Amoeba (b). Paramecium (c). Euglena (d). Obelia.

Which of the following structures would carry out cellular respiration?

A. germinating seed B. decolorised leaf C. dry leaf D. boiled cowpea

Which of the following best defines a culture solution?

A. A population of micro organisms cultivated in a medium B. A population of weeds
cultivated in a medium C. Solution containing different nutrients D. Solution
containing dead organisms

The structures for gaseous exchange in breathing roots are

A. Stomata B. Lenticels C. Cuticle D. mitochondria

The cytoplasm of the cell is considered a very important component because it

(a). regulates the amount of energy in a cell. (b). suspends all cell organelles (c). is the
outermost part of the cell. (d). is solely responsible for cell division.

After an hour, the level of water in the thistle funnel will

(a). rise (b). fall (c). remain the same (d). double.

The experiment above is used to demonstrate the process of

(a). transpiration (b). water culture (c). diffusion (d). osmosis.

Which leaf comes from a mono cotyledonous plant?

Which part of a pathogen is recognised by the immune system?

A active site B antibiotic C antibody D antigen

Siphons and gills are structures in aquatic organisms used for

A. Gaseous exchange B. Buoyancy C. Excretion D. Movement

A neurone that transmit impulses directly from sensory is called A. An afferent neurone B.
An efferent neurone C. A relay neurone D. a peripheral neurone

Which of the following processes involves diffusion?

7
(a). opening and closing of stomatal pores (b). turgidity and diffusion (c). absorption of water
through the root hairs (d). absorption of digested food into the villi.

Which statement describes active transport?

A the movement of ions through proteins in a cell membrane, releasing energy
B the movement of ions through proteins in a cell membrane, using energy
C the movement of water through lipids in a cell membrane, releasing energy
D the movement of water through lipids in a cell membrane, using energy

An organism that operates at the cellular level of organization, carries out its physiological
activities by using its
(a) Cell membrane (b). organelles (c). small size (d). cytoplasm.
In which of the following yam tissues will osmosis occur?
(a). Boiled and peeled (b). Raw and peeled (c). Boiled and unpeeled (d). Roasted and peeled.

The simple form of nervous pathway which links receptors with effectors is known as the
________
A. Relay neurons. B. Reflex arc C. Motor nerves. D. Sensory nerves.

The steps to produce a reflex action where the hand is withdrawn from a hot object are
shown.
1 Nerve impulses pass from the sensory neurone to the relay neurone.
2 Nerve impulses pass from motor neurone to the effector.
3 Nerve impulses pass from the receptor to the neurone.
What is the correct sequence of steps?
A1→2→3 B2→1→3 C3→1→2 D3→2→1

In the binomial system of naming organism, the second name is called the
(a). scientific name (b). Common name (c). Generic name (d). Specific name.

Which of the following food substances gives the least amount of calories?
(a). rice (b). groundnuts (c). cabbage (d). egg yolk.

Which of the following characteristics do fungi share in common with animals?

(a). presence of digestive tract (b). movement from one place to another (c). storage of
carbohydrate as glycogen (d). movement of centrioles during cell division.

A boy accidentally touches a very hot object and immediately takes his hand away.
In this reflex action, what is the effector?
A. a heat receptor in his hand B. a motor neurone
C. a muscle in his arm D the spinal cord

Which of the following cells are not regarded as specialized?

(a). sperm cells (b). root tip cells (c). muscle cells (d). somatic cells.

Excretion in Paramecium sp, is by diffusion because

(a). its habitat is water and moist places (b). it has simple, small and few internal organs (c). it
has a large surface area to volume ratio (d). it has large efficient meganucleus.

8
The diagrams above are illustrations of an experimental set-up to demonstrate a type of tropic
response in plants. The type of response demonstrated is A. phototropism B. geotropism
C. hydrotropism D. thigmotropism

In which direction will most water molecules move in relation to their concentration gradient?
A from X to Y against their concentration gradient
B from X to Y down their concentration gradient
C from Y to X against their concentration gradient
D from Y to X down their concentration gradient

The steps to produce a reflex action where the hand is withdrawn from a hot object are
shown.
1 Nerve impulses pass from the sensory neurone to the relay neurone.
2 Nerve impulses pass from motor neurone to the effector.
3 Nerve impulses pass from the receptor to the neurone.
What is the correct sequence of steps?
A1→2→3 B2→1→3 C3 → 1 → 2 D3→2→1

If Amoeba is placed in a salt solution, the contractile vacuoles would

(a). be bursting more frequently (b). be more numerous (c). be formed less frequently (d). grow
bigger before they burst.
Which of the following pH values is the best for the action of the enzymes – rennin and
pepsin in the stomach? (a) pH 2 (b) pH 7(c) pH 8 (d) pH 9.

Which of the following processes involves diffusion?

(a). opening and closing of stomatal pores (b). turgidity and diffusion (c). absorption of water
through the root hairs (d). absorption of digested food into the villi.

Which of the following cells are not regarded as specialized?

(a). sperm cells (b). root tip cells (c). muscle cells (d). somatic cells.
Which of the following pH values is the best for the action of the enzymes – rennin and
pepsin in the stomach? (a) pH 2 (b) pH 7(c) pH 8 (d) pH 9.

Which of the following processes involves diffusion?

(a). opening and closing of stomatal pores (b). turgidity and diffusion (c). absorption of water
through the root hairs (d). absorption of digested food into the villi.

Which of the following cells are not regarded as specialized?

(a). sperm cells (b). root tip cells (c). muscle cells (d). somatic cells.

9
Which part of a pathogen is recognised by the immune system? A active site B antibiotic
C antibody D antigen
One major difference between plant and animals nutrition is the ability of plants to synthesize
A. Food for plants and animals B. Water for plants C. Water for animals D. Food for plants
only

What is formed first in a leaf as a result of photosynthesis?

A chlorophyll B glucose C starch D water

Which enzymes are contained in the pancreatic juice? A. Ptyalin, lipase and
pepsin B. Rennin, sucrase and lipase C. Maltase, erepsin and trypsin D. Amylase,
lipase and trypsin

Which of the following best defines a culture solution?

A. A population of micro organisms cultivated in a medium B. A population of weeds

cultivated in a medium C. Solution containing different nutrients D. Solution
containing dead organisms

The structures for gaseous exchange in breathing roots are

A. Stomata B. Lenticels C. Cuticle D. mitochondria

The diagram shows a cross-section through a human blood vessel
Which type of blood vessel does the diagram show?

A an artery B a capillary C a vein D a ventricle

The smallest branches on the cell body of a neurone are called A.

Dendrites B. Dendrons C. Ganglia D. Schwan Cell

Which process causes this change?

A. growth B. reproduction C. respiration D. sensitivity

Which of the following disease is caused by a

bacterium? A. ringwormB. poliomyelitis C. Syphilis D. malaria

10
Why is yeast used in breadmaking?
A to produce alcohol B to produce carbon dioxide C to use up oxygen D to use up sugar

The steps to produce a reflex action where the hand is withdrawn from a hot object are
shown.
1 Nerve impulses pass from the sensory neurone to the relay neurone.
2 Nerve impulses pass from motor neurone to the effector.
3 Nerve impulses pass from the receptor to the neurone.
What is the correct sequence of steps?
A1→2→3 B2→1→3 C3→1→2 D3→2→1

Which part of a pathogen is recognised by the immune system?

A active site B antibiotic C antibody D antigen

Siphons and gills are structure in aquatic organisms used for

A. Gaseous exchange B. Buoyancy C. Excretion D. Movement

The purpose of proteins in the diet of a mammal is to

(a). promote growth and repair cells (b). break down molecules (c). regulate the flow of chyme
(d). Serve as co-factors for enzymes

The following processes are involved in water movement in the endodermis except
(a). osmosis (b). vacuolar pathway (c). diffusion (d) active transport.
The diagrams show structures associated with a leaf.

What is the level of organisation of the part shown in detail?

A cell B organ C organ system D tissue

Spirogyra is regarded as a multicellular plant because

(a). the cylindrical cells are linked end to end (b). its cells are linked together by cytoplasmic
strands (c). its cells are large (d). it is an algae containing a large vacuole.

Excretion in Paramecium sp, is by diffusion because

(a). its habitat is water and moist places (b). it has simple, small and few internal organs (c). it
has a large surface area to volume ratio (d). it has large efficient meganucleus.

11
In which direction will most water molecules move in relation to their concentration
gradient?
A from X to Y against their concentration gradient
B from X to Y down their concentration gradient
C from Y to X against their concentration gradient
D from Y to X down their concentration gradient

Which of the following best defines a culture solution?

A. A population of micro organisms cultivated in a medium B. A population of weeds
cultivated in a medium C. Solution containing different nutrients D. Solution
containing dead organisms

A boy accidentally touches a very hot object and immediately takes his hand away.
In this reflex action, what is the effector?
A. a heat receptor in his hand B. a motor neurone C. a muscle in his arm D the spinal
cord

Which structure is adapted for the diffusion of gases? A. alveolus B. diaphragm C.

oesophagus D. Trachea

The structures for gaseous exchange in breathing roots are A. stomata B. lenticels C. Cuticle
D. mitochondria
Which of these contains relay neurones?
A. effector B. receptor C. spinal cord D. stimulus

Which of these is not correct about the tsetse fly and mosquito? A. Habours protozoa as
disease agents. B. Posses piercing and sucking mouthpart.C. Have intermediates
hosts. D. Inject disease-causing organisms into the blood stream

Vigorous exercise can cause an oxygen debt. Which process removes the oxygen debt?
A aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver
B a decrease in breathing rate
C a decrease in heart rate
D an increase in blood supply to the skin

What helps oxygen to be absorbed rapidly into the blood in the lungs?
A Air breathed in has less oxygen than air breathed out. B Alveoli have thick walls and a
large surface area. C Alveoli have thin walls and a large surface area. D The concentration of
oxygen in the blood is higher than in the alveoli.

he following life processes are common to both plant and animals except
A respiration B growth C reproduction D photosynthesis

Why is yeast used in breadmaking? A to produce alcohol B to produce carbon dioxide

C to use up oxygen D to use up sugar

If Amoeba is placed in a salt solution, the contractile vacuoles would

(a). be bursting more frequently (b). be more numerous (c). be formed less frequently (d). grow
bigger before they burst.

12
The purpose of proteins in the diet of a mammal is to
(a). promote growth and repair cells (b). break down molecules (c). regulate the flow of chyme
(d). Serve as co-factors for enzymes

The following processes are involved in water movement in the endodermis except
(a). osmosis (b). vacuolar pathway (c). diffusion (d) active transport.

The smallest branches on the cell body of a neurone are called A. Dendrites B.
Dendrons C. Ganglia D. Schwan Cell

The streaming movement of cytoplasm within the Paramecium is known as

A. TranspirationB. Digestion C. Cyclosis D. Osmosis
The scientist who introduced binomial nomenclature in the classification of organisms was
A. Charles Darwin B. Carolus Linnaeus C. John Ray D. Louis Pasteur

Which process causes this change? A. growth

B. reproduction C. respiration D. sensitivity

The organism that carry out both autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition is
A. Chlamydomonas B.Eudorina C. Euglena D. Spirogyra
What are the products of anaerobic respiration in muscles?
A. ethanol and carbon dioxide B. ethanol only C. lactic acid and carbon dioxide D.
lactic acid only

Spirogyra is regarded as a multicellular plant because

(a). the cylindrical cells are linked end to end (b). its cells are linked together by cytoplasmic
strands (c). its cells are large (d). it is an algae containing a large vacuole.

Which of these contains relay neurones?

A. effector B. receptor C. spinal cord D. stimulus

Which of these is not correct about the tsetse fly and mosquito?
A. Habours protozoa as disease agents. B. Posses piercing and sucking mouthpart C. Have
intermediates hosts. D. Inject disease-causing organisms into the blood stream
Which of the following disease is caused by a bacterium?
A. ringworm B. poliomyelitis C. syphilis D. malaria

The effect of the contraction of the muscles of the diaphragm is that

A. the volume of the thoracic cavity increases. B. more carbondioxide is expelled through the
nostrils C. the ribs cage is drawn inward. D. the intercostal muscle becomes relax.

Which structure is adapted for the diffusion of gases?

A. alveolus B. diaphragm C. oesophagus D. Trachea

The streaming movement of cytoplasm within the Paramecium is known as

A. TranspirationB. Digestion C. Cyclosis D. Osmosis

The scientist who introduced binomial nomenclature in the classification of organisms was
A. Charles Darwin B. Carolus Linnaeus C. John Ray D. Louis Pasteur

13
The organism that carry out both autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition is
A. Chlamydomonas B.Eudorina C. Euglena D. Spirogyra

What are the products of anaerobic respiration in muscles? A. ethanol and carbon dioxide
B. ethanol only C. lactic acid and carbon dioxide D. lactic acid only

Vigorous exercise can cause an oxygen debt.

Which process removes the oxygen debt?
A aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver
B a decrease in breathing rate
C a decrease in heart rate
D an increase in blood supply to the skin

A seedling was made to stand in a solution of red ink for three hours and a transverse section
of the stem was examined under the microscope. The process being investigated was
A. the importance of micro elements to plants B. ascent of water through the xylem
C. diffusion of colored substances D. distribution of food in plants

The effect of the contraction of the muscles of the diaphragm is that

A. the volume of the thoracic cavity increases. B. more carbondioxide is expelled through
the nostrils. C. the ribs cage is drawn inward.D. the intercostal muscle becomes relax.

What helps oxygen to be absorbed rapidly into the blood in the lungs?
A Air breathed in has less oxygen than air breathed out. B Alveoli have thick walls and a
large surface area. C Alveoli have thin walls and a large surface area. D The concentration of
oxygen in the blood is higher than in the alveoli.
Which of the following statements is true about arthropods?
A. Prothorax bears only legs B. Mesothorax bears only legs C. Metathorax bears only
wings D. Prothorax bears only wings
What level of organisation is Spirogyra?
A. System B. Organ C. Cell D. Tissue

The conclusion drawn from the experiment in the diagram above is that
A. shoots of plants are negatively thigmotropic B. shoots of plants are negatively
geotropic C. shoots of plants are positively phototropic D. roots of plants are positively
hydrotropic

Which part of the gill of fish is involved in gaseous exchange?

A. Gills slits B. Gills bar C. Covers D. Gills filaments

Which of the following structures would carry out cellular respiration? A. germinating
seed B. decolorised leaf C. dry leafD. boiled cowpea

The following life processes are common to both plant and animals except
A respiration B growth C reproduction D photosynthesis

Active transport differs from diffusion in that active transport

14
A. is a very fast process B. allows the movement of substances against concentration
gradientC. takes place in both light and dark reaction of photosynthesisD. occurs in both plant
and animal tissues
In medicine, bacteria have proved very useful due to the production of ____
A. Nitrate B. Antibiotics C. Cured tobacco D. Tanned leather

A change in the environment of an organism is termed

A sensitivity B impulse C response D stimulus

The conclusion drawn from the experiment in the diagram above is that A. shoots of plants
are negatively thigmotropic B. shoots of plants are negatively geotropic C. shoots of plants
are positively phototropic D. roots of plants are positively hydrotropic
Micro-organisms which break down dead organisms and absorb their content are called
A. decomposer. B. Consumers C. Parasites
D. commensals.

The simple form of nervous pathway which links receptors with effectors is known as
the ________
A. Relay neurons. B. Reflex arc C. Motor nerves. D. Sensory nerves.
Which part of the gill of fish is involved in gaseous exchange?
A. Gills slits B. Gills bar C. Covers D. Gills filaments
Which of the following structures would carry out cellular respiration? A. germinating
seed B. decolorised leaf C. dry leafD. boiled cowpea

Fresh Milk is often kept in refrigerated vehicles, for distribution to consumers in order to.
A. ensures proper share of fresh milk to all customer. B. ensure delivery of milk to customer in
good time.
C. improve the quality of the milk. D.Ensure that the milk is preserved for a longer period

A neurone that transmit impulses directly from sensory is called

A. An afferent neurone B. An efferent neurone C. A relay neurone D. a peripheral
neurone

THEORY

15
Use the key to identify each species. Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct
box beside the key

(b) State two features that are shown by all molluscs.[2]

(c) Wheat is a crop plant grown to produce flour.
(a) Flour is used to make dough for bread.
(i) State the name of the organism used to make dough rise.............[1]
(ii) State the name of the process that this organism uses to produce the gas that makes
dough rise.............[1]

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(d) Farmers grow crop plants such as wheat to provide food.
(i) State three types of natural event that could cause widespread food shortages. [3]

2. (a) Magnesium is a plant nutrient. Scientists think that magnesium is involved in the
transport of
sucrose from the leaves to the rest of a plant.
(i) Name the tissue that transports sucrose in plants...........[1]

The scientists grew some tomato plants with their roots in a solution that contained all the
mineral nutrients that plants require. After a while, the plants were divided into two groups.
• Group A continued to receive the solution containing all the nutrients.
• Group B received a solution that did not contain any magnesium.
After 12 days, measurements were made on the leaves and the results are shown in Fig. 2.2.

Fig. 2.2
(ii) Describe the effect of magnesium deficiency on the transport of sucrose out of the leaves
and the sucrose concentration in the leaves.
transport of sucrose out of the leaves ............. [2].
concentration of sucrose in the leaves [2]
(iii) The plants in Group B remained in the magnesium-deficient solution for longer than
12 days. At the end of this time they showed symptoms of magnesium deficiency.
Describe and explain the symptoms that the plants would show. [3]

17
Researchers designed an investigation to find the effect of increasing levels of exercise on
two groups of people. The first group of people were trained cyclists and the second group
were untrained cyclists. The researchers asked all the people to cycle at four levels of effort:
30%, 45%, 60% and 75% of their maximum cycle speed. They cycled for eight minutes at
each level of effort. (a) The researchers predicted that the pulse rate of all the cyclists would
increase during exercise. Explain this prediction. [2]

Fig. 1.1 shows the average concentration of lactic acid in the blood of the trained cyclists and
untrained cyclists in the investigation.

Fig. 1.1

(b) Describe the effect of the increasing levels of effort on the average lactic acid
concentration in the blood of the untrained cyclists. You should use data from Fig. 3.1 in your
answer. [3]

(c) Lactic acid is produced in the muscles during anaerobic respiration.

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(i) Define the term anaerobic respiration. [2]
(ii) Describe how the lactic acid produced in muscle cells enters the blood. 1]

(iii) Name the component of the blood that transports lactic acid. [1]

(d) Explain why the lactic acid concentration in the blood in trained cyclists is different from
the untrained cyclists eight minutes after the exercise. You should use data from Fig. 3.1 in
your answer.

4. (a) Define chemical digestion [2]

(b) Explain the importance of chemical digestion. [2]
(c) The alimentary canal is adapted for chemical and mechanical digestion.
(i) Explain how chemical digestion differs from mechanical digestion..................[3]
(ii) (a (i) Explain the term balanced diet. [3]

(a) What is photosynthesis?

(b) List: (i) four external factors

(ii) two internal factors; that affect the rate of photosynthesis.

(c)(i)List the major products of the light dependent stage of photosynthesis.

(ii)State the importance of each of the products listed in (c)(i) above.

(d)(i) Explain why there are no green plants at the lower depths of some lakes.
(ii) State why decomposers are important to flowering plants.

(a) Fig. 2.1 shows the mass of fungus and the yield of penicillin during the fermentation
process.

19
 Fig. 3.1
(i) State the time interval over which the fungus grew at its maximum rate. [1]

(ii) As the fungus grows in the fermenter, the nuclei in the fungal hyphae divide.
State the type of nuclear division that occurs during the growth of the fungus in the
fermenter. [1]

(iii) Explain why the growth of the fungus slows down and stops. [3]
(b) Penicillin is not needed for the growth of P. chrysogenum.
(i) State the evidence from Fig. 3.1 that shows that penicillin is not needed for this growth.
[2]

(ii) The people in charge of the penicillin production emptied the fermenter after 160 hours.
Use the information in Fig. 3.1 to suggest why they did not allow the fermentation to
continue for longer. [1]
(c) Explain why antibiotics, such as penicillin, affect bacteria but not viruses. [2]

1(a) List the main constituents of mammalian blood.............[4]

(b) State four characteristic features of respiratory surfaces in organisms. ...............[4]

2 (a) Mention six methods of controlling malaria in West Africa [6]

20
3. The table below shows the percentage composition of fat and protein in six different meat
types.

Study it and
answer
questions 3(a)
to 3(d).

a. (i) Which two of the meat types may be recommended for an obese patient? [2 marks]
(ii) State one reason for the answer in 2(a)(i). [1 mark]

b. (i) Which two of the meat types would provide the most energy? [2 marks]

c. (i) Which three of the meat types could be recommended for a child suffering from
kwashiorkor?

(ii) State one reason for the answer in 2(c)(i) 1 mark]

d. Which of the meat types would most likely be suitable for:
(i) an active teenager; [1 mark]

(ii) a 70-year old human? [1 mark]

e. Which other class of food provides energy? [1 mark]

f. State three uses of fat in the human body. [1 mark]

g. Describe briefly the procedure for testing for fat in a meat sample using a piece of white
paper. [3 marks]

3.
The nervous system coordinates the responses of animals to changes in their environment.

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Fig. 3.1 shows the arrangement of the nervous system in a mammal.
Complete Fig. 3.1 by writing the names of the missing parts of the mammalian nervous
system
in the boxes.

Fig. 3.1
(3 Marks)

(b) Fig. 3.2 is a flow chart that shows how an involuntary action is controlled.

Fig. 3.2
(i) State the structure found at X. ………………………………………………..[1]
(ii) State the type of involuntary action shown by the flow chart................. [1]
(iii) State two ways in which a voluntary action differs from an involuntary action.
..............[2]

(iv) Auxins control the growth responses of seedlings.

Explain how auxins control the growth response of the seedlings in pot R. [3]

22
4. (a) (i) List three forms in which living cells exist

(ii) Give one example each of the forms listed in 1 (a)(a)

(b) Make a diagram, 6 cm — 10 cm long, of a typical plant cell and label fully

(c) (i) In a tabular form, state three differences between a plant cell and animal cell.

(ii) State three similarities between a plant cell and animal cell.

(a) What is a balanced diet?

(b) (i) Name four classes of food other than proteins

(ii) Give one example of food substance for each class named

(c)(i) State three functions of proteins in humans.

(ii) Describe the appearance of a child with protein deficiency.

(d)(i) Name one organelle in a living cell that produces enzymes.

(ii) Mention two enzymes that act on proteins.

Fig. 4.1 is an electron micrograph showing the bacteria, Vibrio cholerae

23
 Fig. 4.1

(a) (i) Bacteria are prokaryotes.

State two distinguishing features of all prokaryotes. 2]

(ii) The bacteria shown in Fig. 2.1 each have a flagellum.

Suggest the function of the flagellum in bacteria. [1]
V. choleraeis the pathogen that causes cholera. Vaccination is used to control the spread of
cholera during an outbreak.
(b)Explain how vaccination can control the spread of diseases. [4]

(a) In sequence, name the organs that constitute the alimentary canal of humans

(b) State: (i) three structural differences; (ii) three structural similarities; between the
alimentary canal of a bird and human.

(c) Explain briefly how the dentition of herbivores is adapted for feeding

(d) State two roles of the pancreas in digestion

24
(a) Explain why an athlete in a race would be given a glucose drink rather than a piece of
bread.

(b) Outline the test for starch in a given food substance.

(c) State five reasons why water is important in human diet.

1(a) list

i. Four modes of transmission

ii. Four methods of control of the disease known as AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome).

(b) (i) list two ways the World Health Organization (WHO) is contributing to the control of
the disease AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome).

a). Name the gases involved in the photosynthesis of a plant.

(b) State one role each of the gases named in 2 (a).

(c) (i) What is a variegated leaf?

(ii)Which part of the variegated leaf would test positive when treated with iodine solution?
(iii) State two reason for the answer in 2(c) (ii).
(iv) Name one mineral element required by plants for the formation of the part that would test
positive in 2(c)(ii).

2. A sample of human blood was put in a test tube and allowed to spin in a centrifuge. The
components of the blood sample were clearly separated.
(a) List the four main components of blood that would be in the test tube.
(b) Name the component of the blood that:
(i) would form the top layer in the test tube, . ..........................................................................
(ii) destroys pathogens; . ..........................................................................
(iii) is biconcave in shape . ..........................................................................
(iv) would be relatively low in a haemophilic condition
..........................................................................
(v) is a thrombocyte; . ..........................................................................
(vi) is nucleated. . ..........................................................................

25
(a) Write the chemical equation for each of the following processes:
(i) aerobic respiration
(ii) anaerobic respiration in plants
(iii) anaerobic respiration in animals.

(b) State four functions which the liver of a patient suffering from cancer of the liver will not
be able to perform.

(c) Make a diagram 8 -10 cm long of a flame cell and label fully.

(a) State two advantages of complex structural organisation in higher organisms.

(b) (i) List two differences between colonial organisms and filamentous organisms.
(ii) Give one example each of a colonial organisms and a eke filamentous

(c) Make a labelled diagram 10 - 12 cm long to show the structure of a named

filamentous alga.

3 (a) Mention four chemical substances transported by the blood plasma

(b) What is dentition in animals?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
……
(c) List four food substances that plants manufacture from glucose.
(a) (i) What is respiration?
(ii) In a tabular form, state four differences between gaseous exchange and aerobic respiration

(b)(i) Explain the term residual air.

(ii) What is the importance of residula air to mammals?

(c) State four characteristic features associated with respiratory structures.

(d)(i) What is oxygen debt?

(ii) Outline three activities that can result in oxygen debt.

(a) Make a diagram 8 — 10 cm long to show the relative position of the following organs in
the mammalian gut:
(i) stomach
(ii) pancreas
(iii) liver
(iv) gall bladder
(v) duodenum and label fully.

26
(b) (i) List two diseases of the liver.
(ii) State five effects of the diseases in (b) (i) on the human body.

(c) State the deficiency symptoms of the following vitamins:

(i) vitamin A
(ii) vitamin C
(ii) Vitamin K;

4. (a) What is photosynthesis?

(b) List: (i) four external factors

(ii) two internal factors; that affect the rate of photosynthesis.

(c) List the major products of the light dependent stage of photosynthesis.

27