PE AND HEALTH 12 Q4 Module-4B

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12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Physical Education
and Health 4
Quarter 4
– Module4b (Weeks3-4):
Environmental Hazards of Outdoor
Recreational Activities
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The Philippine archipelago has so much to offer in terms of land
formations and natural water resources. We have so much to do whether
on land, water or in the air. With these, our country hosts a variety of
outdoor recreational activities that promote the country’s tourism industry.
Firstly, for land, it hosts camping, mountain climbing, trekking, rock
climbing, and many more. Secondly, for water, it hosts diving, surfing,
swimming, snorkeling, sailing, and many more. Lastly, for air, it hosts
skydiving, paragliding, and parasailing, just to name a few. Perhaps, the
first thing that the people who have experienced these outdoor
recreational activities is say that they are fun and exciting. Outdoor
activities have a positive effect in our general well-being but despite this,
it also brings hazards to people.
In this module, you will learn about the environmental hazards of

outdoor activities and the personal safety protocol etiquette and safety in
the use of facilities and equipment for outdoor activities.
LEARNING COMPETENCY:
Observes personal safety protocol etiquette and safety in the use of facilities and
equipment
PEH12FH-Ia-t-12
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
• Identify the environmental hazards of outdoor recreational activities;
• Follow the safety protocol etiquette and safety in the use of equipment for
outdoor recreational activities; and,
• Give importance to the observance of personal safety protocol etiquette

and safety in the use of equipment for outdoor recreational activities.
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What’s In
ACTIVITY 1: AVOID MISHAPS!
Direction: Write the answers in your activity notebook. Observe the picture below of
teenagers swimming at the Paradise Swimming Hole in Negros Oriental, Philippines.
List at least three mishaps that can be prevented by observing personal safety
protocol etiquette and safety in the use equipment for outdoor recreational activities.
1. _________________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________
ACTIVITY 2: IDENTIFY THEM!

Direction: Identify the commonly used life-saving equipment for water activities.
Write your answers in your notebook.
1. _______________________ 2. ______________________
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3. _______________________ 4. ______________________
5. _______________________
What’s New
Read and answer the questions carefully. Write your answers in your notebook.
1. Why do we need to identify the environmental hazards we might encounter

during outdoor recreational activities?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
2. Why do we need to identify the equipment we will be using during outdoor
recreational activities?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
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What is It
Environmental Hazards
Outdoor recreational activities have so much to offer to people. These
includes fun and pleasure, general wellness of an individual, and sometimes
environmental hazard.
According to the School Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Manual
Booklet 1 of DepEd, “hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, condition, substance, or
human activity that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property
damage, social and economic disruption, loss of livelihoods and services, or
environmental damage”.
Mishaps are avoidable. The most effective way to prevent them is to
adequately prepare for the trip that includes knowing the environmental hazard you
may encounter during the outdoor recreational activity.
Robert Ernst (2003) emphasizes that, “most of us know that when we are
outdoors, exposure to the mix of heat, humidity, and sun can lead to serious
heatrelated illnesses. But a number of other problems can occur from sunburns to
insect bites and stings.” With these, he enumerates guidelines when assessing
environmental hazard, you need to look at the following factors:
1. Location and terrain

The terrain is defined as the specific physical features of an area of land.
The location and the terrain contribute to the hazardous conditions when
staying and walking into the site. Below are some environmental hazards that
depend upon your location and terrain:
• Uneven surfaces, wet grass, and mud

• Holes in the ground can cause trips or falls.
• Rocky trails
• Exposed ledges
• Darkness
• Poison ivy
//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/
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• Leeches
• Bee stings
• Snake bites
Smooth-scaled Mountain snake taken by Lorenzo

Vinciguerra, https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/25939677
2. Season/Climate
Keep an eye on the current and predicted weather conditions. Know the signs
for approaching storms or changing weather conditions. Some areas are
susceptible to certain types of severe weather. Weather hazards include:
• Lightning and thunderstorms,

• Flooding and flash flooding,
• Strong winds and tornadoes, • Freezing rain and hail, and
• Being Overexpose to sun.
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3. Equipment and Transportation
Keep your equipment in good condition. Inspect them before your trip. Do not
wait until you are at the trail-head. Beyond the activity, the equipment and
driving/ transportation are also considered environmental hazards.
Equipment:
• Broken stove
• Boots not broken in
• Improper clothing
• Inoperative equipment
Driving/Transportation:
• Bad road conditions
• Darkness
• Unfamiliar road
• Difficult road (Class I-VI)
• Other erratic drivers
• Pedestrians/cyclists
Ten essential equipment for Mountaineering
According to mountaineers.org, “it is a great idea to work on a checklist that is

tailored to the nature of the outing when planning for your next mountaineering trip”.
Here are ten essential pieces of equipment that mountaineers should prepare and
bring when climbing a mountain:
1. Navigation – Today’s mountaineer carries five essential tools while

navigating to their destination: map, altimeter, compass, GPS device, and
personal locator beacon (“PLB”) or other devices to contact emergency first
responders.
2. Headlamp – In the outdoors, headlamps are the flashlight of choice, freeing
hands for anything from cooking to climbing. If the party plans to return before
dark, each member should carry a headlamp.
3. Sun-protection – This includes carrying and wearing sunglasses,
sunprotective clothes, and broad-spectrum sunscreen rated at least SPF 30.
4. First Aid – Carrying and knowing how to use a first-aid kit should not give you
a false sense of security. Avoid injuries or sickness is the best course of
action to take in the first place.
5. Knife – These are useful for first-aid, food preparation, repairs, and climbing,
therefore, everyone in the group should carry one.
6. Fire – Most climbers carry a disposable butane lighter or two instead of
matches. Either must be reliable.
7. Shelter – Carrying some sort of emergency shelter from rain and wind, such
as a plastic tube tent or a jumbo plastic trash bag.
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8. Extra Food – The food should require no cooking, be easily digestible, and
store well for long periods.
9. Extra water – Always carry at least one water bottle or hydration bag.
10. Extra clothes – It refers to additional layers that would be needed to survive
long, inactive hours of an unplanned camp.
Commonly used life-saving equipment in Aquatic Activities

According to www.shmgroup.com, “many disastrous accidents have been
averted due to the timely use of life-saving equipment by the sports enthusiasts as
well as the accompanying experts”. The following are the commonly used life-saving
equipment in water sports and should always be checked for availability.
1. Lifejackets - These can be of help to the person wearing it from drowning.

Thus, it is important to always wear a life jacket throughout the water
activity.
2. Safety helmets – They are used mostly for water sports involving a higher
risk factor, like water skiing and kayaking activities, but it is important to
use them whenever required.
3. Safety harnesses – They should be tied tightly enough to allow free
movement in the boat or on deck, but not so loose that the person may fall
overboard, leading to a lot of injuries.
4. Lifebuoys – These are ring-like flotation devices that prevent people from
drowning.
5. First aid kits - It is the first requirement for medical assistance in case of
an emergency and hence is a must-have safety measure on every boat.
6. Maps - It is important to navigate rightly and follow the basic safety rules
while taking any vessel out in the water, be it for rafting or boating.
7. Distress signals – These include light-emitting beacons and flares that
are important to gain the attention of passers-by for help during an
emergency.
8. Radios – It will enable the person in need to get in touch with the control
center and get assistance in case of an emergency.
9. Weather Gauge - Carrying a weather gauge at all times helps one stay
updated about the climate and any potential weather change.
10. Personal locator - The beacon is an electronic transmitter that sends out
a signal alerting the rescuers of the location. People regularly use this
device for crew saving in lifeboats and shipping.
What’s More
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ACTIVITY 3: LISTING DOWN ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Pick out a location for an outdoor recreational activity you want to do after the
pandemic. List down the environmental hazards that can be encountered in your
chosen location. Follow the template below. Write your answers in your notebook.
Location: ____________________________________
A. Environmental hazards that depend upon the location and terrain
1.
______________________________________
2.
______________________________________
B. Environmental hazards that depend upon the climate of the place
1. ______________________________________
2. ______________________________________
C. Environmental hazards that depend upon the equipment and

driving/transportation to be used
1.______________________________________
2.______________________________________
What I Can Do
REVIEW ON ADMINISTERING FIRST AID

Scenario: You and your three other friends were hiking along the trail. You saw a
man who is screaming in pain because of a snake bite How will you deal with this
situation using the equipment you brought during the hike?
A. List everything you need to do as a first aider based on what you have learned
from the previous module.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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Additional Activities
CREATE A CHECKLIST
You are invited by a friend to climb Mt. Halcon with his/her team. The hike will
take 2 days in total. Create a checklist of the equipment you need to bring on the
hike. Include at least 15 pieces of equipment in your checklist. Follow the sample
template below and write your answers in your activity sheet.
NO. EQUIPMENT STATUS

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12

12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

In this module, you will learn about the environmental hazards of

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

• Identify the environmental hazards of outdoor recreational activities;

• Give importance to the observance of personal safety protocol etiquette

ACTIVITY 1: AVOID MISHAPS!

ACTIVITY 2: IDENTIFY THEM!

1. Why do we need to identify the environmental hazards we might encounter

1. Location and terrain

• Uneven surfaces, wet grass, and mud

Smooth-scaled Mountain snake taken by Lorenzo

• Lightning and thunderstorms,

Ten essential equipment for Mountaineering

According to mountaineers.org, “it is a great idea to work on a checklist that is

1. Navigation – Today’s mountaineer carries five essential tools while

Commonly used life-saving equipment in Aquatic Activities

1. Lifejackets - These can be of help to the person wearing it from drowning.

A. Environmental hazards that depend upon the location and terrain

B. Environmental hazards that depend upon the climate of the place

C. Environmental hazards that depend upon the equipment and

REVIEW ON ADMINISTERING FIRST AID

NO. EQUIPMENT STATUS

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