Is the Volkswagen scandal the tip of the iceberg? Investors may be inclined to look more closely at this sector in light of the recent regulatory risks exposed by VW as the scandal spreads from diesel to CO2 emissions. Past engagement with the regulatory process by the automotive manufacturers on CO2 and efficiency standards can offer clues as to the culture and behaviour of the companies on emissions testing and compliance in general. We analyse and score engagement with greenhouse gas emissions standards policy among the 12 largest automakers. We also extrapolate how their current fleets stack up against likely 2020 targets for the US and Europe.